{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:22:03Z","timestamp":1790893323953,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2_suppl1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,1]],"date-time":"2008-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1212278400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Food Nutr Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The Chilean Ministry of Health legislated to add folic acid (2.2 mg\/100 g) to wheat flour to reduce the risk of neural tube defects (NTD), beginning in January 2000. This policy resulted in a significant increase in serum and red blood cell folate in women of childbearing age 1 year after fortification. The frequency of NTD was studied in all births, both live and stillbirths, in a prospective hospital-based design including 25% of national births during 1999\u20132000 (prefortification period) and 2001\u20132002 (postfortification period). During the prefortification period, there was a total of 120,566 newborns, and the NTD rate was 17.1\/10,000 births. During the postfortification period (2001\u20132002) there was a total of 117,704 newborns, and the NTD rate was significantly reduced by 43% to 9.7\/10,000 births (RR = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.71). This implies a reduction of 43% in the rate of NTD. The costs per NTD case and infant death averted were 1,200 international dollars (I$) and I$11,000, respectively. The cost per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted was I$91, or 0.8% of the country's per capita GDP. On the overall, fortification resulted in net cost savings of I$1.8 million.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Fortification of wheat flour with folic acid has proven to be an effective and cost saving strategy for the primary prevention of NTD in a middle-income country in a postepidemiological transition, and in a dramatically short period of time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265080292s128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T16:07:40Z","timestamp":1448467660000},"page":"S231-S237","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["National Food-Fortification Program with Folic Acid in Chile"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Hertrampf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanny","family":"Cort\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90133-A"},{"key":"bibr2-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199212243272602"},{"key":"bibr3-15648265080292S128","first-page":"703","volume":"86","author":"Kirke PM","year":"1993","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"bibr4-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7374.1202"},{"key":"bibr5-15648265080292S128","first-page":"361","volume-title":"Folate in health and disease","author":"Mason JB","year":"1995"},{"key":"bibr6-15648265080292S128","volume-title":"Dietary reference intakes for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline","author":"Institute of Medicine, Food and Nutrition Board","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr7-15648265080292S128","volume-title":"Report of a FAO\/WHO expert consultation, Bangkok, Thailand, 21\u201330 September 1998","author":"Human vitamin and mineral requirements","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr8-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38336.664352.82"},{"key":"bibr9-15648265080292S128","volume-title":"Folic acid and the prevention of birth defects. A national survey of pre-pregnancy awareness and behavior among women of childbearing age 1995\u20132002","author":"March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr10-15648265080292S128","volume-title":"Changing preconceptions: The HEA folic acid campaign 1995\u20131998","author":"Raats M","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr11-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)74409-3"},{"key":"bibr12-15648265080292S128","first-page":"808","volume":"51","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr13-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200203000-00026"},{"key":"bibr14-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.23.2981"},{"key":"bibr15-15648265080292S128","first-page":"241","volume":"167","author":"Persad VL","year":"2002","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"bibr16-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00063.x"},{"key":"bibr17-15648265080292S128","unstructured":"Ministerio de Salud de Chile. Estad\u00edsticas de mortalidad y natalidad. Chile. 2000. Available at: http:\/\/deis.minsal.cl\/deis\/indicadores\/ind2005.pdf. Accessed 22 May 2008."},{"key":"bibr18-15648265080292S128","first-page":"531","volume":"129","author":"Nazer J","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev Med Chile"},{"key":"bibr19-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1301\/002966402320285056"},{"key":"bibr20-15648265080292S128","first-page":"283","volume":"125","author":"Castillo C","year":"1997","journal-title":"Rev Med Chil"},{"key":"bibr21-15648265080292S128","volume-title":"Norma t\u00e9cnica para la fortificaci\u00f3n de la harina de trigo con vitaminas y minerales","author":"Ministerio de Salud de Chile","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr22-15648265080292S128","first-page":"805","volume":"73","author":"Martin JI","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Assoc Off Anal Chem"},{"key":"bibr23-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.10.3166"},{"key":"bibr24-15648265080292S128","first-page":"962","volume":"49","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2000","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr25-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.2.289"},{"key":"bibr26-15648265080292S128","volume-title":"Folic acid and the prevention of disease","author":"Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr27-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/77.6.1474"},{"key":"bibr28-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601099"},{"key":"bibr29-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530210052030"},{"key":"bibr30-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07247-4"},{"key":"bibr31-15648265080292S128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2007.01.011"}],"container-title":["Food and Nutrition Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15648265080292S128","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15648265080292S128","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T06:15:17Z","timestamp":1777443317000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15648265080292S128"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2_suppl1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15648265080292S128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15648265080292s128","relation":{},"ISSN":["0379-5721","1564-8265"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0379-5721","type":"print"},{"value":"1564-8265","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,6]]}}}