{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T14:05:14Z","timestamp":1777730714227,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Interv Neuroradiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aneurysm formation after internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion has been described in animal models and human case series with alteration of cerebral blood flow dynamics considered an aetiological risk factor. Such de novo aneurysms have seldom been described in the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) with the majority observed in the anterior circulation collateral pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed our institutional database of posterior circulation aneurysms in patients with iatrogenic, atherosclerotic or congenital ICA occlusions. A comprehensive review of the online literature using the PubMed and Medline databases was performed to identify previous cases of PCA aneurysms that were considered \u2018flow-related\u2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We present five patients with symptomatic or ruptured PCA aneurysms with ICA occlusions. Age at presentation ranged from 21-58 and aneurysm size from 3\u201312\u2009mm. All cases had angiographic evidence of posterior-anterior flow via the ipsilateral posterior communicating artery (PComA). The clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging and management strategies are further discussed. A literature review identified only two previous reported cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To our knowledge this is the first single centre series of posterior circulation aneurysms in patients with ICA occlusions that are considered to be \u2018flow-related.\u2019 The natural history of these rare lesions is unclear and the best management and surveillance strategy requires a patient-tailored approach by an experienced neurovascular team.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15910199211001702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,6]],"date-time":"2021-03-06T01:12:07Z","timestamp":1614993127000},"page":"631-637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Flow-related posterior cerebral artery aneurysms with internal carotid artery occlusions: An institutional series"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Waleed","family":"Butt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology, Queen\u2019s Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luqman","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology, Queen\u2019s Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4353-4515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Permesh Singh","family":"Dhillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology, Queen\u2019s Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norman","family":"McConachie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Neuroradiology, Queen\u2019s Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hassler O. Experimental carotid ligation followed by aneurysmal formation and other morphological changes in the circle of Willis.\n                      J Neurosurg\n                      2009; 20: 1\u20137. DOI:10.3171\/jns.1963.20.1.0001.","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1963.20.1.0001"},{"key":"bibr2-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao L, Hoi Y, Swartz DD, et\u00a0al. Nascent aneurysm formation at the basilar terminus induced by hemodynamics.\n                      Stroke\n                      2008; 39: 2085\u20132090. DOI: 10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.509422.","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.509422"},{"key":"bibr3-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dyste GN, Beck DW. De novo aneurysm formation following carotid ligation: case report and review of the literature.\n                      Neurosurgery\n                      1989; 24: 88\u201392. DOI: 10.1227\/00006123-198901000-00014.","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-198901000-00014"},{"key":"bibr4-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02001464"},{"key":"bibr5-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang YY, Rosenfeld JV, Lyon SM, et\u00a0al. Rapid development of a de novo intracranial aneurysm following carotid occlusion.\n                      J Clin Neurosci\n                      2008; 15: 324\u2013330. DOI: 10.1016\/j.jocn.2007.05.019.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2007.05.019"},{"key":"bibr6-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arnaout OM, Rahme RJ, Aoun SG, et\u00a0al. De novo large fusiform posterior circulation intracranial aneurysm presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage 7 years after therapeutic internal carotid artery occlusion: case report and review of the literature.\n                      Neurosurgery\n                      2012; 71: 764\u2013771. DOI: 10.1227\/NEU.0b013e31825fd169.","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e31825fd169"},{"key":"bibr7-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li Y, Payner TD, Cohen-Gadol AA. Spontaneous regression of an intracranial aneurysm after carotid endarterectomy.\n                      Surg Neurol Int\n                      2012; 3: 66. DOI: 10.410 3\/2152-7806.97168.","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.97168"},{"key":"bibr8-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Platz J, Berkefeld J, Singer OC, et\u00a0al. Frequency, risk of hemorrhage and treatment considerations for cerebral arteriovenous malformations with associated aneurysms.\n                      Acta Neurochir (Wien)\n                      2014; 156: 2025\u20132034. DOI: 10.1007\/s00701-014-2225-3.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-014-2225-3"},{"key":"bibr9-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolf RL, Imbesi SG, Galetta SL, et\u00a0al. Development of a posterior cerebral artery aneurysm subsequent to occlusion of the contralateral internal carotid artery for giant cavernous aneurysm.\n                      Neuroradiology\n                      2002; 44: 443\u2013446. DOI: 10.1007\/s00234-001-0723-5.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-001-0723-5"},{"key":"bibr10-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shibuya T, Hayashi N. A case of posterior cerebral artery aneurysm associated with idiopathic bilateral internal carotid artery occlusion: case report.\n                      Surg Neurol\n                      1999; 52: 617\u2013622. DOI: 10.1016\/S0090-3019(99)00134-2.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(99)00134-2"},{"key":"bibr11-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.11.JNS171794"},{"key":"bibr12-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Briganti F, Cirillo S, Caranci F, et\u00a0al. Development of \u201cde novo\u201d aneurysms following endovascular procedures.\n                      Neuroradiology\n                      2002; 44: 604\u2013609. DOI: 10.1007\/s00234-001-0732-4.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-001-0732-4"},{"key":"bibr13-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1253578"},{"key":"bibr14-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomsick T. Long-term clinical follow-up of therapeutic internal carotid artery occlusion [1].\n                      Am J Neuroradiol\n                      2007; 28: 1626. DOI: 10.3174\/ajnr.A0680.","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0680"},{"key":"bibr15-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gross BA, Du R. Natural history of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a meta-analysis; clinical article.\n                      J Neurosurg\n                      2013; 118: 218\u2013488. DOI: 10.3171\/2012.10.JNS121280.","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.10.JNS121280"},{"key":"bibr16-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Griessenauer CJ, Ogilvy CS, Adeeb N, et\u00a0al. Pipeline embolization of posterior circulation aneurysms: a multicenter study of 131 aneurysms.\n                      J Neurosurg\n                      2019; 130: 675\u20131038. DOI: 10.3171\/2017.9.JNS171376.","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.9.JNS171376"},{"key":"bibr17-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cagnazzo F, Di Carlo DT, Cappucci M, et\u00a0al. Acutely ruptured intracranial aneurysms treated with flow-diverter stents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\n                      Am J Neuroradiol\n                      2018; 39: 1669\u20131675. DOI: 10.3174\/ajnr.A5730.","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5730"},{"key":"bibr18-15910199211001702","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manning NW, Cheung A, Phillips TJ, et\u00a0al. Pipeline shield with single antiplatelet therapy in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: multicentre experience.\n                      J Neurointerv Surg\n                      2019; 11: 694\u2013698. 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