{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T14:06:58Z","timestamp":1777730818927,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Interv Neuroradiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endovascular therapy has shown to be safe and effective for the treatment of cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulas; however, recurrence after complete occlusion is not uncommon, and the timing of recurrence remains unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted from January 2005 to December 2020. Patients with high-grade (\u2265Borden II\u2013Cognard IIB) dural arteriovenous fistulas treated with endovascular therapy were included in this study. Clinical and angiographic characteristics were collected for hospitalization and at follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 51 patients with a median age of 61 years were studied; 57% were female. High-flow symptoms related to the high-flow fistula were the most common presentation (67%), and 24% presented with intracranial hemorrhage. Transverse-sigmoid (26%) and cavernous (26%) sinuses were the most common dural arteriovenous fistula locations. A total of 40 patients (70%) had middle meningeal arterial feeders and 4 (7%) had deep cerebral venous drainage. The mean number of embolization procedures per patient was 1.4. Transarterial access was the most frequent approach (61%). Onyx alone was the most common embolic agent (26%). Complete occlusion rate was achieved in 46 patients (80.1%). Last mean radiographic follow-up time was 26.7 months for all 57 dural arteriovenous fistulas. Dural arteriovenous fistula recurrence after radiographic resolution at last treatment was seen in six cases (6\/46, 13.1%). Mean time for recurrence was 15.8 months. Mean time of last clinical follow-up was 46.1 months for the 51 patients (100%). A total of 10 (20%) experienced any procedural complications, among which two (4%) became major thromboembolic events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endovascular therapy is safe and effective for the treatment of high-grade dural arteriovenous fistulas. Given the significant recurrence rate of embolized dural arteriovenous fistulas even after 2 years, long-term angiographic follow-up might be needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15910199211038277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T12:09:50Z","timestamp":1631534990000},"page":"411-418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Endovascular embolization of high-grade cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulas - assessment of long-term recurrences"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Alan","family":"Mendez-Ruiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Waldo R","family":"Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0703-8258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viktor","family":"Szeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mudassir","family":"Farooqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8715-240X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cynthia B","family":"Zevallos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3627-5439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darko","family":"Quispe-Orozco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3408-1297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santiago","family":"Ortega-Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 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