{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:41:47Z","timestamp":1793212907765,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,17]],"date-time":"2023-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Interv Neuroradiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The carotid rete is a physiological network between the external and internal carotid arteries (ICA) in lower vertebrates. However, true carotid rete does not exist in humans. This review aimed to contrast the physiological function of human \u201crete-like collaterals\u201d with that of lower vertebrate \u201c\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">rete mirabile<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u201d. An explanation for the development of rete-like collaterals in human intracranial arteries was also discussed. The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">rete mirabile<\/jats:italic>\n                    (carotid, vertebral, spinal, and thoracic) in lower vertebrates has a specific physiological role and does not form vasculature for the same purpose in humans. Therefore, the term \u201c\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">rete mirabile<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u201d should not be used for cases reported in humans. Instead, \u201crete-like collaterals\u201d is preferred. In the literature, rete-like or arterial anastomosis was observed in the ICA cavernous portion and the intradural arteries. Based on the hypothesis of the segmental concept, it applies to the ICA and intracranial arteries. Whether in the ICA, middle cerebral artery, posterior cerebral artery, or posterior inferior cerebellar artery, the segmental concept is the same and should be considered to have formed secondary collaterals after segmental regress or dysgenesis of affected arteries. Summarily, the significance of this review lies in its reevaluation of vascular structures previously described as \u201ccarotid rete\u201d in humans to a true and preferred term, \u201crete-like collaterals\u201d. It also provides insights into the historical context and potential genetic factors associated with the formation of arteries in humans, contributing to a better understanding of human vascular anatomy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/15910199231221294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,17]],"date-time":"2023-12-17T23:47:35Z","timestamp":1702856855000},"page":"1040-1046","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Revised concept of rete-like collateral formation:\n                    <i>Rete mirabile<\/i>\n                    does not exist in humans"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5108-6719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Ota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-46-543-205"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00327579"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/90.1.46"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1591019918772054"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1591019918782147"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2016-012939.rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000216118.31290.65"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-003-1086-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/86.1.100"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.10.1694"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2006.00667.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001870111"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/159101990801400309"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2005.00617.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vop.12048"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.ade3117"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2020-240219"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000510604"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.2.JNS1832"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","volume-title":"Publications of the Wellcome Historical Medical Museum","author":"Singer C","year":"1952","unstructured":"Singer C. 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