{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:48:53Z","timestamp":1790639333779,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Interv Neuroradiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post-mechanical thrombectomy (MT) intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a major source of morbidity in treated acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion. ICH expansion may further contribute to morbidity. We sought to identify factors associated with ICH expansion on imaging evaluation post-MT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing MT at a single comprehensive stroke center. Per protocol, patients underwent dual-energy head CT (DEHCT) post-MT followed by a 24-h interval non-contrast enhanced MRI. ICH expansion was defined as any increase in blood volume between the two studies if identified on the DEHCT. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify risk factors for ICH expansion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      ICH was identified on DEHCT in 13% of patients (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200935\/262), with 20% (7\/35) demonstrating expansion on interval MRI. The average increase in blood volume was 11.4 ml (SD 6.9). Univariate analysis identified anticoagulant usage (57% vs 14%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03), petechial hemorrhage inside the infarct margins or intraparenchymal hematoma on DEHCT (ECASS-II HI2\/PH1\/PH2) (71% vs 14%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01), basal ganglia hemorrhage (71% vs 21%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.02), and basal ganglia infarction (86% vs 32%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03) as factors associated with ICH expansion. Multivariate regression demonstrated that anticoagulant usage (OR 20.3, 95% C.I. 2.43\u2013446,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and ECASS II scores of HI2\/PH1\/PH2 (OR 11.7, 95% C.I. 1.24\u2013264,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) were significantly predictive of ICH expansion.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Expansion of post-MT ICH on 24-h interval MRI relative to immediate post-thrombectomy DEHCT is significantly associated with baseline anticoagulant usage and petechial hemorrhage inside the infarct margins or presence of intraparenchymal hematoma (ECASS-II HI2\/PH1\/PH2).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/15910199241247884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T06:35:31Z","timestamp":1713335731000},"page":"1388-1394","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Predictors of acute post-thrombectomy intracranial hemorrhage expansion in anterior circulation infarcts"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2345-3331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akshay","family":"Bhamidipati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nishit","family":"Mummareddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"},{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1981-4584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seoiyoung","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Bendfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander T","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4293-320X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Surya","family":"Gangavarapu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveed","family":"Kamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"},{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven G","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"},{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1282-005X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael T","family":"Froehler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"},{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohan V","family":"Chitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"},{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew R","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"},{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1411587"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000211","article-title":"Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: 2019 update to the 2018 guidelines for the early management of acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","volume":"50","author":"Powers WJ","year":"2019","unstructured":"Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, et al. Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: 2019 update to the 2018 guidelines for the early management of acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2019; 50: 440\u2013441.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930211035032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1706442"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12081260"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.012619"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-019-02180-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.036195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.030173"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5469\/neuroint.2023.00269"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107217"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107216"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2012.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15910199231157462"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1591019920926335"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jim-2020-001554"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-020-02269-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2021.02.032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2014.00186"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/SVIN.121.000366"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berger C Fiorelli M Steiner T et al. Hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic brain tissue: asymptomatic or symptomatic? Stroke 2001; 32: 1330\u20131335.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.32.6.1330"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00702"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00569"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02688697.2010.534203"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000094831"}],"container-title":["Interventional Neuroradiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15910199241247884","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/15910199241247884","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/15910199241247884","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T04:47:39Z","timestamp":1786164459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/15910199241247884"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/15910199241247884"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15910199241247884","relation":{},"ISSN":["1591-0199","2385-2011"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1591-0199","type":"print"},{"value":"2385-2011","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]]}}}