{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:18:50Z","timestamp":1777943930919,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vascular"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the risk factors for varicose veins in patients under the age of 40 and the long-term results of surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multicenter case-control study comprised patients who received great saphenous vein stripping and ambulatory phlebectomy between January 2014 and December 2015 and were followed for at least 5\u00a0years. Patients under the age of 40 were assigned to Group 1. Patients in Group 2 were selected in a 3:1 ratio by matching their CEAP classification to those in Group 1. We studied their demographics, risk factors, and follow-up findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were 42 patients (mean age 35) in Group 1 and 126 patients (mean age 57) in Group 2. Group 2 patients had a higher prevalence of hypertension (16% vs 2%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .022). The proportions of C2, C3, C4, C5, and C6 were 52%, 10%, 24%, 10%, and 5%, respectively. For risk factors, only family history was more prevalent in Group 1 (odds ratio 4.9, 95% confidence interval 2.3\u201310.4). The course of the disease was shorter in Group 1 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .003). During a mean follow-up of 79\u00a0months, there were no difference in the recurrences of varicose vein, Venous Clinical Severity Score, or Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire scores (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &gt; .05), which indicated similar 5-year surgery efficacy between the two groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Family history was more prevalent and the course of the disease was shorter among young patients with varicose veins. The 5-year prognosis of surgery was satisfactory despite the age of receiving the treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17085381251340885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T07:26:32Z","timestamp":1746429992000},"page":"371-376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Varicose vein in patients under the age of 40: A multicenter case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lirui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinhong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang Province"},{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province"},{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pengfu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province"},{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yulin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gansu University of Chinese Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province"},{"name":"Wenzhou Medical University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8960-9733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4420-9263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenyang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"0212","article-title":"Varicose veins","volume":"2011","author":"Tisi PV","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tisi PV. 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