{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T17:13:08Z","timestamp":1788369188555,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dermatitis\u00ae"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Isothiazolinones are responsible for an epidemic of allergic contact dermatitis across Europe over the past 2 decades. Regulatory restrictions on methylisothiazolinone (MI) in cosmetics have been followed by declining sensitization rates in surveillance networks. Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and octylisothiazolinone (OIT) have emerged as sensitizers of growing clinical relevance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize temporal trends in sensitization to MCI\/MI, MI, BIT, and OIT over more than 2 decades at a single center in Gran Canaria, Spain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study of patients patch-tested between 2003 and 2025. Temporal trends were analyzed using univariate analysis and generalized additive logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, atopic dermatitis, and occupation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sensitization rates were 11.1% for MCI\/MI, 11.6% for MI, 7.6% for BIT, and 0.9% for OIT. MCI\/MI and MI sensitization peaked around 2014\u20132015 and 2020\u20132021, respectively, then declined following European cosmetic regulatory restrictions. BIT sensitization showed a flatter, sustained trend and was independently associated with older age, male sex, and absence of atopic dermatitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There has been a decline in MCI\/MI and MI sensitization after regulatory restrictions on cosmetic application. BIT is an emerging isothiazolinone of concern with a distinct occupational profile, warranting regulatory attention to household cleaners and industrial sources.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17103568261484455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T06:19:20Z","timestamp":1788157160000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Isothiazolinone Sensitization in Gran Canaria (Spain). A Follow-up of 20 Years"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Cristina","family":"Rodriguez-Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno\u2013Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Saavedra-Santana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Of Mathematics, Universidad de Las Palmas de\u2009Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Rodriguez-Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno\u2013Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zaida","family":"Hernandez-Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno\u2013Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leopoldo","family":"Borrego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the *Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno\u2013Infantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15267"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.70124"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1987.tb05841.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/der.0000000000000352"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2022.5991"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.14523"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315370279"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_10_1","unstructured":"9.R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing: Vienna; 2022. 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