{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T19:29:59Z","timestamp":1784662199199,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,20]],"date-time":"2010-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1282262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Trials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background A number of reports have highlighted problems of conducting publicly funded trials in Europe as a consequence of the European Union (EU) Clinical Trials Directive. The impact of the EU Directive on multi-national trials, which include sites in Europe that are funded by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) have not been described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods Four problems in the conduct of two international HIV treatment trials funded by NIH in the EU are described: (1) conflicting regulations on the continuing review of protocols by Institutional Review Boards\/Research Ethics Committees; (2) US regulations requiring Federalwide Assurances for sites which are only partially funded by NIH; (3) EU guidance on the designation of studies as a trial of an investigational medicinal product; and (4) EU guidance on trial sponsorship and the requirements for insurance and indemnification. Following the description of the problems, recommendations for improving global collaborations are made to the US Office of Human Research Protections, to NIH, and to the EU and its Member States. Results A lack of harmonization of regulations at multiple levels caused enrollment in one study to be interrupted for several months and delayed for one year the initiation of another study aimed at obtaining definitive evidence to guide the timing of the initiation of antiretroviral therapy for individuals infected with HIV. The delays and the purchase of insurance resulted in substantial increases in trial costs and caused substantial disruption at clinical sites among staff and study participants. Limitations The problems cited and recommendations made pertain to trials funded by NIH and conducted by sites in the EU. There are many other challenges in the conduct of international research, public and private, that global harmonization would alleviate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions Disharmony, at multiple levels, in international regulations and guidelines is stifling publicly funded global research. International scientific organizations and government groups should make the documentation and solution of these problems a priority. Clinical Trials 2010; 7: 705\u2014718. http:\/\/ctj.sagepub.com<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774510376547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,20]],"date-time":"2010-08-20T20:35:17Z","timestamp":1282336517000},"page":"705-718","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Regulatory impediments jeopardizing the conduct of clinical trials in Europe                 funded by the National Institutes of Health"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"James D","family":"Neaton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of                         Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdel","family":"Babiker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV and Infection Group, MRC Clinical Trials Unit, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Bohnhorst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of the General Counsel, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN,                         USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Darbyshire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV and Infection Group, MRC Clinical Trials Unit, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen","family":"Denning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of                         Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnie","family":"Frishman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of the General Counsel, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN,                         USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesper","family":"Grarup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen HIV Programme, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen,                         Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregg","family":"Larson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of                         Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Lundgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University Hospital and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen HIV                         Programme, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","unstructured":"European Parliament and Council of the European Union. Directive 2001\/20\/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 4 April                     2001. 2001; 121: 34-44. 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