{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T15:01:29Z","timestamp":1790866889643,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Trials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This essay responds to Heymemann et al.\u2019s analysis of the applicability of clinical equipoise to emerging trial methods in cancer. Briefly, I argue that equipoise presses study designers to conduct trials at the point of maximum community uncertainty. Accordingly, equipoise encourages maximum information gain per patient enrolled (or inversel, minimal patient burden per gain in information). As such, equipoise is as much a condition for the ethical conduct of new study designs as it is for old ones. I close by suggesting that, whereas Heymemann et al. suggest new trial designs present a challenge to the operationalization of equipoise, I argue that equipoise presents a challenge for those wishing to operationalize new trial designs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/17407745261471455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T09:01:08Z","timestamp":1789117268000},"page":"469-471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["New oncology trial designs and equipoise: Commentary on Heynemann et al."],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1614-6779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Kimmelman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Equity, Ethics and Policy, School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"457","article-title":"Uncertainty and novel clinical trial designs in oncology \u2013 when should equipoise matter?","volume":"23","author":"Heynemann S","year":"2026","unstructured":"Heynemann S, Lipworth W, McLachlan SAet al. Uncertainty and novel clinical trial designs in oncology \u2013 when should equipoise matter? Clin Trials 2026; 23(5): 457\u2013468.","journal-title":"Clin Trials"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"London AJ. Equipoise: integrating social value and equal respect in research with humans. In: Iltis AS Mackay D (eds) The Oxford handbook of research ethics [Internet]. Oxford University Press 2024 pp.1\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780190947750.013.13","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780190947750.013.13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jme.2005.014670"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03605310701255719"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","first-page":"476","volume-title":"For the common good: philosophical foundations of research ethics","author":"London AJ.","year":"2021","unstructured":"London AJ. For the common good: philosophical foundations of research ethics. Oxford University Press, 2021, p.476."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198707163170304"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djaf013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ouimet C Rosu M Kimmelman J. Risk-benefit of phase 2 monotherapy trials in adult solid cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cancer. Epub ahead of print 12 May 2026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.70538","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.70538"}],"container-title":["Clinical Trials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17407745261471455","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/17407745261471455","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17407745261471455","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T14:47:48Z","timestamp":1790866068000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/17407745261471455"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/17407745261471455"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17407745261471455","relation":{},"ISSN":["1740-7745","1740-7753"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1740-7745","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-7753","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]}}}