{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:14:59Z","timestamp":1792131299549,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695686400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Chronic Illness"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in mild to severe functional limitations, decreasing a person's ability to perform activities of daily living. This study aims to identify the influence of SCI characteristics and self-efficacy on functional limitations, controlling for sociodemographic factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants for this cross-sectional descriptive study included 272 persons with SCI. The participants completed questionnaires on sociodemographic information, secondary physical conditions, self-efficacy, and functional limitations, using an online Qualtrics Survey. Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was performed to test the hypothesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants reported higher functional limitations on dressing the lower body and managing their bowels compared to other activities of daily living. The sociodemographics, injury characteristics, and self-efficacy collectively accounted for 66% variance in functional limitations. A higher level of secondary physical conditions and tetraplegia injury contributed to higher functional limitations. As hypothesized, greater self-efficacy significantly contributed to low functional limitations above and beyond sociodemographic and SCI-related variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Functional limitations following SCI are a pervasive challange in persons with SCI. Early recognition and management of secondary conditions and implementation of psychological interventions to strengthen self-efficacy in performing activities and managing secondary complications could potentially enhance functional independence and, ultimately, quality of life in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17423953231203731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]],"date-time":"2023-09-26T03:38:56Z","timestamp":1695699536000},"page":"94-104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Role of self-efficacy on functional limitations among persons with spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8267-7271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muna","family":"Bhattarai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Texas A&amp;M University, Bryan, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Shigemoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Prairie View A&amp;M University, Prairie View, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan Miller","family":"Smedema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Psychology &amp; Special Education, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"679","volume-title":"ISCoS textbook on comprehensive management of spinal cord injuries","author":"Ducharme S","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ducharme S, Parashar D. 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