{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T10:34:46Z","timestamp":1790937286304,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014538","name":"Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20150922304211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20150922304211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014538","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Intellect Disabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>People with intellectual disability are among the most stigmatised groups in society. There is a paucity of studies reporting on how stigma is experienced in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to explore the experience of stigma among adults with mild\/moderate intellectual disability and the extent of their inclusion in Indonesian society.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifteen adults with mild\/moderate intellectual disability were purposively recruited from three service providers and were interviewed using a semi-structured interview schedule. The data were analysed using thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest that adults with intellectual disability experience stigma in multiple settings (family, school, community), have limited access to social activities, and internalised the experienced stigma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study adds to the international understanding of stigma experienced by adults with mild\/moderate intellectual disability in daily life and their inclusion in society in a middle-income country.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17446295211002349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T03:50:24Z","timestamp":1619409024000},"page":"293-306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A qualitative exploration of stigma experience and inclusion among adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability in an Indonesian context"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3933-8653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Restu","family":"Handoyo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afia","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrina","family":"Scior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Hassiotis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jar.12432"},{"key":"bibr2-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.107.045823"},{"key":"bibr3-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"bibr4-17446295211002349","volume-title":"Disability in Indonesia: What Can We Learn From the Data?","author":"Australia Indonesia Partnership for Economic Governance","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr5-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03124070902748910"},{"key":"bibr6-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"bibr7-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14780887.2020.1769238"},{"key":"bibr8-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09687599.2013.771899"},{"key":"bibr9-17446295211002349","volume-title":"Preparing for the Journey: A Cooperative Approach to Service Provision for Children with Intellectual Disabilities in Cambodia","author":"Carter J","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr10-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.02.016"},{"key":"bibr11-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19315864.2011.637660"},{"key":"bibr12-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17439760.2016.1262613"},{"key":"bibr13-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2006.00789.x"},{"key":"bibr14-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032466"},{"key":"bibr15-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3148.2004.00198.x"},{"key":"bibr16-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08870440903194015"},{"key":"bibr17-17446295211002349","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jppi.12089"},{"key":"bibr18-17446295211002349","unstructured":"Gladden RM. (2014) Bullying surveillance among youths: uniform definitions for public health and recommended data elements, version 1.0. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention."},{"key":"bibr19-17446295211002349","volume-title":"Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity","author":"Goffman E","year":"1968"},{"key":"bibr20-17446295211002349","unstructured":"Hadis FA (2005) Toward inclusive, inclusive education in Indonesia: A country report. Paper. Seisa University, Ashibetsuishi Hokkaido, Japan."},{"key":"bibr38-17446295211002349","unstructured":"Handoyo R (2019) A multimethod exploration of stigma towards people with intellectual disability in Indonesia. 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