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However, the functional involvement of the medial prefrontal cortex for visceral nociception, at the neuronal or synaptic level, is obscure yet. In the present study, the properties of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission within the layer II\/III of rat medial prefrontal cortex after chronic myocardial infarction were studied. It is found that the excitation\u2013inhibition ratio of the medial prefrontal cortex was greatly changed, with enhanced excitation and decreased inhibition inputs to the pyramidal cells of the medial prefrontal cortex, which largely due to decreased spike firing in gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic neurons. Behaviorally, inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic synaptic transmission alleviated the visceral pain and anxiety. It is thus for the first time showing that the excitation\u2013inhibition ratio is increased in the medial prefrontal cortex after chronic myocardial infarction, which may come from the reduced intrinsic activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic neurons and is important for regulating the angina pectoris and anxiety induced by chronic myocardial infarction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1744806918809586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,10]],"date-time":"2018-10-10T05:45:21Z","timestamp":1539150321000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Chronic myocardial infarction changed the excitatory\u2013inhibitory synaptic balance in the medial prefrontal cortex of rat"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Institute of Public Health, Xi\u2019an Medical University, Xi\u2019an, China"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Institute for Research on Health Information and Technology, Xi\u2019an Medical University, Xi\u2019an, 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