{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T02:27:13Z","timestamp":1787970433642,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000135","name":"NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GM118760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GM118760"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000135","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000135","name":"NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NR015728"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NR015728"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000135","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000135","name":"NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NS70814"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS70814"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000135","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000135","name":"NIH Blueprint for Neuroscience Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NS99879"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS99879"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000135","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mol Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Spinal cord stimulation has become an important modality in pain treatment especially for neuropathic pain conditions refractory to pharmacotherapy. However, the molecular control of inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms observed after spinal cord stimulation are poorly understood. Here, we used RNA-seq to identify differences in the expression of genes and gene networks in spinal cord tissue from nerve-injured rats with and without repetitive conventional spinal cord stimulation treatment. Five weeks after chronic constrictive injury to the left sciatic nerve, male and female rats were randomized to receive repetitive spinal cord stimulation or no treatment. Rats receiving spinal cord stimulation underwent epidural placement of a miniature stimulating electrode and received seven sessions of spinal cord stimulation (50 Hz, 80% motor threshold, 0.2 ms, constant current bipolar stimulation, 120 min\/session) over four consecutive days. Within 2 h after the last spinal cord stimulation treatment, the L4-L6 spinal segments ipsilateral to the side of nerve injury were harvested and used to generate libraries for RNA-seq. Our RNA-seq data suggest further increases of many existing upregulated immune responses in chronic constrictive injury rats after repetitive spinal cord stimulation, including transcription of cell surface receptors and activation of non-neuronal cells. We also demonstrate that repetitive spinal cord stimulation represses transcription of several key synaptic signaling genes that encode scaffold proteins in the post-synaptic density. Our transcriptional studies suggest a potential relationship between specific genes and the therapeutic effects observed in patients undergoing conventional spinal cord stimulation after nerve injury. Furthermore, our results may help identify new therapeutic targets for improving the efficacy of conventional spinal cord stimulation and other chronic pain treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1744806918817429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]],"date-time":"2018-11-19T08:22:55Z","timestamp":1542615775000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["RNA-seq of spinal cord from nerve-injured rats after spinal cord stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kimberly E","family":"Stephens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA"},{"name":"Center for Epigenetics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA"},{"name":"Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eellan","family":"Sivanesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivasa N","family":"Raja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bengt","family":"Linderoth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean D","family":"Taverna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA"},{"name":"Center for Epigenetics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Department of Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.07.028"},{"key":"bibr2-1744806918817429","first-page":"287","volume":"56","author":"Falowski S","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Sci"},{"key":"bibr3-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12208"},{"key":"bibr4-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1403.2009.00197.x"},{"key":"bibr5-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1403.2011.00373.x","volume":"14","author":"Krames ES","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"bibr6-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.150.3699.971"},{"key":"bibr7-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12624","volume":"20","author":"Linderoth B","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"bibr8-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12692"},{"key":"bibr9-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-404706-8.00006-1","volume":"107","author":"Foreman RD","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"bibr10-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181fcf590","volume":"113","author":"Linderoth B","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"bibr11-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181fcd95c"},{"key":"bibr12-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31829bd9e2","volume":"119","author":"Shechter R","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"bibr13-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00169-9"},{"key":"bibr14-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00443.x","volume":"18","author":"Yang F","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"bibr15-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12465","volume":"19","author":"Vallejo R","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuromodulation"},{"key":"bibr16-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000047"},{"key":"bibr17-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0000000000000452","volume":"41","author":"Tilley DM","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"bibr18-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2582","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000680","volume":"157","author":"Yang F","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"bibr19-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.11.016","volume":"138","author":"Maeda Y","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"bibr20-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(94)90144-9"},{"key":"bibr21-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pa.20.040180.002301"},{"key":"bibr22-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(88)90209-6"},{"key":"bibr23-1744806918817429","first-page":"89","volume":"38","author":"Yamashita T","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Osaka Dental Universtiy"},{"key":"bibr24-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-015-1009-4","volume":"4","author":"van der Wal S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"key":"bibr25-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3317"},{"key":"bibr26-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1754"},{"key":"bibr27-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt656"},{"key":"bibr28-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8"},{"key":"bibr29-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp427"},{"key":"bibr30-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn728"},{"key":"bibr31-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stephens KE, Zhou W, Ji Z, He SQ, Ji H, Guan Y, Taverna SD. Sex differences in gene regulation in the dorsal root ganglion after nerve injury.\n                      bioRxiv\n                      . Epub ahead of print 20 June C2017. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/152652","DOI":"10.1101\/152652"},{"key":"bibr32-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17030352"},{"key":"bibr33-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12473"},{"key":"bibr34-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2010.02.013","volume":"57","author":"Ben Achour S","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"bibr35-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12379"},{"key":"bibr36-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvw009"},{"key":"bibr37-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2016.05.001","volume":"283","author":"Goldstein EZ","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"bibr38-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-0348-8139-5_5","volume-title":"NMDA antagonists as potential analgesic drugs","author":"Ma Q","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr39-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.03.003"},{"key":"bibr40-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.10.006"},{"key":"bibr41-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-012-0260-4","volume":"16","author":"Guan Y.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep"},{"key":"bibr42-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.03.023"},{"key":"bibr43-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.03.012"},{"key":"bibr44-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(96)03069-2"},{"key":"bibr45-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/805830"},{"key":"bibr46-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000081061.12235.55"},{"key":"bibr47-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2512","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-07-02512.2000","volume":"20","author":"Racca C","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"bibr48-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00640-8"},{"key":"bibr49-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.01.030"},{"key":"bibr50-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-017-0324-9","volume":"10","author":"Rasmussen AH","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Brain"},{"key":"bibr51-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7569905"},{"key":"bibr52-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1038\/35050030","volume":"408","author":"Chen L","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"bibr53-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1123339"},{"key":"bibr54-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200110290-00022"},{"key":"bibr55-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00801-1","volume":"117","author":"Tao F","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"bibr56-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0608492103"},{"key":"bibr57-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5687","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-15-05687.1997","volume":"17","author":"Naisbitt S","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"bibr58-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.113.11.1851"},{"key":"bibr59-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2005.06.007"},{"key":"bibr60-1744806918817429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.02.001"}],"container-title":["Molecular Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1744806918817429","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1744806918817429","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1744806918817429","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T08:16:54Z","timestamp":1777709814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1744806918817429"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1744806918817429"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1744806918817429","relation":{},"ISSN":["1744-8069","1744-8069"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1744-8069","type":"print"},{"value":"1744-8069","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"article-number":"1744806918817429"}}