{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:39:29Z","timestamp":1792291169355,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100023885","name":"All of Us Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA016042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA016042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100023885","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100023885","name":"All of Us Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DE29173"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DE29173"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100023885","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100023885","name":"All of Us Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54AG089335"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54AG089335"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100023885","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mol Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The cellular and molecular mechanisms of acupuncture have been investigated across various tissues in multiple animal models. However, the dynamic cellular and molecular changes at human acupuncture points remain unexplored. The primary challenge preventing such a study is the practical difficulty of obtaining sufficient cells from acupoints. To address this, we developed a new needle manipulation technique that enables the collection of sufficient cell number from the acupuncture needle during the treatment. Using this approach and single-cell technology, we identified eight cell types at the acupoint BL23: inflammatory fibroblast, myofibroblast, skeletal muscle cell, endothelial cell, smooth muscle cell, adipocyte, macrophage, and a novel cell type characterized by marker genes\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CNTNAP2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CSMD1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Remarkably, this novel cell population was significantly enriched during the pain relief phase compared to the pain state, while the other seven cell types were significantly reduced following acupuncture analgesia. Transcriptomic analysis suggested that these novel cells are involved in synapse assembly and synaptic plasticity. This study presents the first characterization of cellular and transcriptional dynamics at the acupoint BL23, offering new insights into the mechanism underlying acupuncture-induced pain relief.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/17448069251405974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T12:34:38Z","timestamp":1764333278000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Single cell transcriptomic analysis reveals dynamic cellular composition changes at acupuncture point BL23 (Shenshu) in low back pain"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2278-3432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gexin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, UCLA Technology Center for Genomics &amp; Bioinformatics, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuju","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunfa","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zuo Cheng Acupuncture Clinic, San Gabriel, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shihui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinatown Service Center Health, Monterey Park, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guodong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Arcadia Clinic, Arcadia, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qiqihaer First Hospital, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengqi","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BC Acupro LLC., Buena Park, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Ju","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, UCLA Technology Center for Genomics &amp; Bioinformatics, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark I. II","family":"Duhon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, UCLA Technology Center for Genomics &amp; Bioinformatics, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, UCLA Technology Center for Genomics &amp; Bioinformatics, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina I.","family":"Bostr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinmin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology &amp; Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, UCLA Technology Center for Genomics &amp; Bioinformatics, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"1469","article-title":"Understandings of acupuncture application and mechanisms","volume":"14","author":"Lin JG","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin JG, Kotha P, Chen YH. Understandings of acupuncture application and mechanisms. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14: 1469\u20131481.","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30480-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMct0806114"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","first-page":"63","article-title":"Acupuncture and neural mechanism in the management of low back pain\u2014an update","volume":"5","author":"Lim TK","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lim TK, Ma Y, Berger F, Litscher G. Acupuncture and neural mechanism in the management of low back pain\u2014an update. 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