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Although current pharmacological treatments provide pain relief, their adverse effects highlight the need for safer alternative therapies. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol, exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties with minimal side effects. In this study, we examined the impact of intraperitoneal curcumin administration on the trigeminal ganglia in a TN rat model induced by unilateral infraorbital nerve constriction (IONC). Behavioral tests revealed that curcumin significantly reduced mechanical hypersensitivity compared with vehicle-treated controls. Immunohistochemical analysis showed decreased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), established markers of satellite glial cell (SGC) activation and neuronal stress in the trigeminal ganglia. Furthermore, curcumin administration reduced tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) expression and modulated phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (pSTAT3) activity. These findings suggest that curcumin alleviates neuropathic pain by suppressing glial activation and pSTAT3-related pro-inflammatory signaling. Curcumin may therefore represent a promising potential therapeutic candidate for TN, warranting further investigation into its clinical applicability and underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/17448069261445281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T11:17:30Z","timestamp":1775906250000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Systemic curcumin administration mitigates neuropathic pain in a rat model of trigeminal neuralgia by suppressing TNF-\u03b1 and pSTAT3 signaling"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2279-3929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dara Sari","family":"Arini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Science and Social Welfare, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9626-0565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lutfi Putra","family":"Perdana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5905-2890","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr","given":"Jaime","family":"Fabillar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayu","family":"Miyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Ikutame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuyuki","family":"Koike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shino","family":"Suma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6559-0610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Misaki","family":"Ichinomiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Science and Social Welfare, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1069-2605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshizo","family":"Matsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatognathic Function and Occlusal Reconstruction, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2285-9388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kosuke","family":"Kataoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Health Science and Social Welfare, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00045.2019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","unstructured":"International Association for Study of Pain (IASP). 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