{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T15:16:56Z","timestamp":1793632616218,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007270","name":"University of Michigan School of Social Work","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Social Justice Pilot Award"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Social Justice Pilot Award"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Womens Health (Lond Engl)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women of all genders, including cisgender (cis) and transgender (trans) women, experience social and structural drivers of HIV inequities and pervasive barriers to HIV care. Yet, little is known about how HIV care providers address gender diversity in health care. Through a critical feminist lens informed by intersectionality theory, medical anthropology, and critical sociology, we explored (1) how do HIV care providers describe women living with HIV\u2019s care needs and barriers; (2) what are their perspectives on optimal HIV care for women; and (3) to what extent do these conceptualizations include\/exclude trans women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Utilizing a community-based exploratory qualitative study design, we conducted 60\u201390 minute semi-structured individual interviews from March 2019\u2013April 2020 with eight HIV care providers ( n\u2009 =\u20094 social service providers; n\u2009 =\u20094 physicians) practicing across seven counties representative of rural, suburban, and urban Michigan, United States. Data were analyzed utilizing a reflexive thematic approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three overarching themes emerged: (1) Emphasis on (different) clinical needs: key considerations in cis and trans women\u2019s HIV care; (2) Recognition of the structural: barriers to HIV care affecting women of all genders; and (3) Proposed solutions: piecing together individual, social, and organizational interventions to increase access to HIV care that may benefit women living with HIV of all genders but are disproportionately framed as being for cis women. While HIV care providers recognized both cis and trans women living with HIV\u2019s clinical care needs and structural barriers to care, they rarely envisioned optimal HIV care inclusive of gender affirmation and structural interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings suggest that HIV care providers can avoid reducing gender to biology and making assumptions about reproductive care needs, endocrinological care needs, caregiving responsibilities, and other life circumstances; provide gender-affirming medical care; and address structural barriers to HIV care to enhance intersectional and structurally focused gender-affirming\u2014that is, trans-inclusive\u2014women-centered HIV care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057221083809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,19]],"date-time":"2022-03-19T06:59:02Z","timestamp":1647673142000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["\u201cI do the she and her\u201d: A qualitative exploration of HIV care providers\u2019 considerations of trans women in gender-specific HIV care"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9023-8877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley","family":"Lacombe-Duncan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn R","family":"Berringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unified: HIV Health and Beyond, Ypsilanti, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan HIV\/AIDS Treatment Program, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Hamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan HIV\/AIDS Council (MHAC), Lansing, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17455057221083809","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00396-2"},{"key":"bibr2-17455057221083809","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2020.0056"},{"key":"bibr3-17455057221083809","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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