{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:36:03Z","timestamp":1792787763511,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007815","name":"district of columbia developmental center for aids research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30AI117970 (Supplemental Award MG)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AI117970 (Supplemental Award MG)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007815","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"national institutes of health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R56AI111933-01 (MG)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R56AI111933-01 (MG)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Clara Schiffer Project on Women\u2019s Health","award":["MJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MJ"]}]},{"name":"GWU","award":["Start-Up Funds (MG)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Start-Up Funds (MG)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Womens Health (Lond Engl)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Violence and HIV\/AIDS syndemic highly prevalent among women impairs HIV prevention efforts. Prolonged exposure to violence results in physical trauma and psychological distress. Building on previous findings regarding genital immune dysregulation following sexual abuse exposure, we investigate here whether systemic changes occur as well.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using the Women\u2019s Interagency HIV Study repository, 77 women were stratified by HIV serostatus and categorized into four subgroups: (1) no sexual abuse history and lower depression score (Control); (2) no sexual abuse history but higher depression score (Depression); (3) high sexual abuse exposure and lower depression score (Abuse); (4) high sexual abuse exposure and higher depression score (Abuse\u2009+\u2009Depression). Inflammation-associated immune biomarkers (TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-1\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, TGF-\u03b2, MIP-3\u03b1, IP-10, MCP-1, and Cathepsin-B) and anti-inflammatory\/anti-HIV biomarkers (Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, Elafin, human beta-defensin-2 (HBD-2), alpha-defensins 1-3, Thrombospondin, Serpin-A1, and Cystatin-C) were measured in plasma using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Within each HIV serostatus, differences in biomarker levels between subgroups were evaluated with Kruskal\u2013Wallis and Dunn\u2019s test with Bonferroni correction. Spearman correlations between biomarkers were assessed for each subgroup.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to the Control and Depression groups, Abuse\u2009+\u2009Depression was associated with significantly higher levels of chemokines MIP-3\u03b1 and IP-10 (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and lower levels of inflammatory cytokine IL-1\u03b2 (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) in the HIV-uninfected population. Human beta-defensin-2 was lowest in the Abuse\u2009+\u2009Depression group (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 versus Depression). By contrast, among HIV-infected, Abuse and Abuse\u2009+\u2009Depression were associated with lower levels of MIP-3\u03b1 (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 versus Control) and IP-10 (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05, Abuse versus Control). Inflammatory cytokine IL-6 was higher in both Abuse groups (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 versus Control), while Elafin was lowest in the Abuse\u2009+\u2009Depression group (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01 versus Depression).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report compromised plasma immune responses that parallel previous findings in the genital mucosa, based on sexual abuse and HIV status. Systemic biomarkers may indicate trauma exposure and impact risk of HIV acquisition\/transmission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057221099486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T20:39:06Z","timestamp":1652906346000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Lifetime sexual violence exposure in women compromises systemic innate immune mediators associated with HIV pathogenesis: A cross-sectional analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jason","family":"Daniels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Aldous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Pyra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chicago Center for HIV Elimination, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Juzumaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariel","family":"Jais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Simmens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerry","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine\u2014Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tonya N","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Downstate Medical Center, The State University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seble","family":"Kassaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorie","family":"Benning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1351-9624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mardge H","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen M","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 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