{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T05:57:17Z","timestamp":1778047037236,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NICHD-K12HD085845"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NICHD-K12HD085845"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Womens Health (Lond Engl)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pregnant individuals in incarcerated settings have unique healthcare needs. Rates of mental health, infectious diseases, and chronic disease are higher among nonpregnant incarcerated women compared with those who are not, but the prevalence of these conditions among pregnant people in custody has not been documented.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study is to describe the prevalence of metabolic, infectious, and mental health conditions in pregnant people to identify the medical needs of high-risk pregnancies in US state prisons and local jails.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a prospective epidemiologic surveillance of a convenience sample of state prisons ( n\u2009=\u200920) and local jails ( n\u2009=\u20093).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used purposive and snowball sampling to recruit a national sample of prisons and jails of a range of sizes and geographies. Reporters submitted to our study database monthly data on selected pregnancy comorbidities for 6\u2009months between 2016 and 2017. Screening, diagnosis, and tracking of these conditions are derived from each facility\u2019s medical record and health care delivery systems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 445 newly admitted pregnant people in prisons and 243 in jails, the most prevalent conditions were mental health conditions and hepatitis C. Specifically, 34.1% ( n\u2009=\u2009152) in prison and 23.5% ( n\u2009=\u200957) in jail had a substance use disorder, and 27.4% ( n\u2009=\u2009122) of those in prison and 17.7% ( n\u2009=\u200943) in jail had a psychiatric diagnosis. Finally, 20.2% ( n\u2009=\u200991) in prison and 6.6% ( n\u2009=\u200916) in jail had hepatitis C.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrates that chronic medical and mental health conditions are prevalent among pregnant people in US prisons and jails. However, significant variability in the reported number of cases of these conditions from state to state and between facility types implies a lack of or inadequate screening practices. These data indicate the need for comprehensive screening and appropriate care for the complex needs of pregnant incarcerated people.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057241228748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,12]],"date-time":"2024-03-12T02:32:31Z","timestamp":1710210751000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Mental health, chronic and infectious conditions among pregnant persons in US state prisons and local jails 2016\u20132017"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0713-8550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caitlin A","family":"Hendricks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karissa M","family":"Rajagopal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolyn B","family":"Sufrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"},{"name":"Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7033-3439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monik C","family":"Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Women\u2019s Health, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17455057241228748","unstructured":"Gunja M, Seervai S, Zephyrin L, et al. Health and Health Care for Women of Reproductive Age. The Commonwealth Fund, 2022, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26099\/4pph-j894"},{"key":"bibr2-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0000000000000362"},{"key":"bibr3-17455057241228748","unstructured":"Carson EA. Prisoners in 2020\u2014statistical tables. NCJ 302776, US Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2021, https:\/\/bjs.ojp.gov\/content\/pub\/pdf\/p20st.pdf"},{"key":"bibr4-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305006"},{"key":"bibr5-17455057241228748","unstructured":"Maruschak LM, Bronson J, Alper M. Medical problems reported by prisoners: survey of prison inmates, 2016. NCJ252644, US Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2021, https:\/\/bjs.ojp.gov\/library\/publications\/medical-problems-reported-prisoners-survey-prison-inmates-2016"},{"key":"bibr6-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2009.1469"},{"key":"bibr7-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2022.03.057"},{"key":"bibr8-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15030"},{"key":"bibr9-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"bibr10-17455057241228748","unstructured":"Carson EA. Prisoners in 2016. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2018, https:\/\/bjs.ojp.gov\/library\/publications\/prisoners-2016"},{"key":"bibr11-17455057241228748","unstructured":"Zeng Z. Jail Inmates in 2016. US Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2018, https:\/\/bjs.ojp.gov\/content\/pub\/pdf\/ji16.pdf"},{"key":"bibr12-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000183597.31630.db"},{"key":"bibr13-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.05.003"},{"key":"bibr14-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-022-03487-2"},{"key":"bibr15-17455057241228748","unstructured":"Trost S, Beauregard J, Chandra G, et al. Pregnancy-related deaths: data from maternal mortality review committees in 36 US States, 2017\u20132019. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022, https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/reproductivehealth\/maternal-mortality\/erase-mm\/data-mmrc.html"},{"key":"bibr16-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17137"},{"key":"bibr17-17455057241228748","unstructured":"Maruschak L, Bronson J, Alper M. Indicators of mental health problems reported by prisoners: survey of prison inmates, 2016. NCJ252643. US Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2021, https:\/\/bjs.ojp.gov\/library\/publications\/indicators-mental-health-problems-reported-prisoners-survey-prison-inmates"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr18-17455057241228748","volume":"138","author":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 830","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"bibr19-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354918812088"},{"key":"bibr20-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.13239"},{"key":"bibr21-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-016-2224-5"},{"issue":"96","key":"bibr22-17455057241228748","first-page":"1","volume":"2016","author":"Maruschak L","journal-title":"Natl Health Stat Report"},{"key":"bibr23-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20769"},{"key":"bibr24-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2021.108338"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr25-17455057241228748","volume":"132","author":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 201: pregestational diabetes mellitus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr26-17455057241228748","volume":"131","author":"ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 190: gestational diabetes mellitus","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"bibr27-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60279-6"},{"key":"bibr28-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2011.10.878"},{"key":"bibr29-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354918800466"},{"key":"bibr30-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-2345"},{"key":"bibr31-17455057241228748","unstructured":"Maruschak LM, Berzofsky M, Unangst J. Medical problems of state and federal prisoners and jail inmates, 2011-12. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2015, https:\/\/bjs.ojp.gov\/library\/publications\/medical-problems-state-and-federal-prisoners-and-jail-inmates-2011-12#:~:text=In%202011%2D12%2C%20an%20estimated, having%20a%20chronic%20medical%20condition."},{"key":"bibr32-17455057241228748","unstructured":"Prison Policy Initiative. Incarceration shortens life expectancy, 2022, https:\/\/www.prisonpolicy.org\/blog\/2017\/06\/26\/life_expectancy\/"},{"key":"bibr33-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2013.0000"},{"key":"bibr34-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031811-124614"},{"key":"bibr35-17455057241228748","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2019.305407"},{"key":"bibr36-17455057241228748","unstructured":"Bureau of Justice Statistics. Federal prisoner statistics collected under the First Step Act, 2022. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2022, https:\/\/bjs.ojp.gov\/library\/publications\/federal-prisoner-statistics-collected-under-first-step-act-2022"}],"container-title":["Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17455057241228748","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/17455057241228748","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17455057241228748","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T08:26:55Z","timestamp":1777710415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/17455057241228748"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/17455057241228748"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17455057241228748","relation":{},"ISSN":["1745-5057","1745-5065"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1745-5057","type":"print"},{"value":"1745-5065","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"article-number":"17455057241228748"}}