{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:46:30Z","timestamp":1791582390634,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747267200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747267200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006614","name":"Utah Department of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006614","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000056","name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01NR017620-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01NR017620-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000056","name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1RF1NR020841-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1RF1NR020841-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Womens Health (Lond Engl)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant life events (SLEs) correlate with perinatal depression (PD) risk; however, little is known about this association in rural populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using the Neuman systems model, we hypothesized that individuals with higher SLEs would have higher PD risk, and we evaluated this association with data collected from six of Utah\u2019s diverse rural health districts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design\/Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study included pregnant and postpartum individuals visiting six rural public health clinics who completed screening with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and an 8-item SLE assessment in Spanish or English. Multinomial logistic regression assessed the association between SLEs (0, 1, and \u2a7e2) and PD risk status (EPDS \u2a7e9).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from 4245 screening surveys identified 2 primary racial groups: white (79.8%) and American Indian\/Alaska Native (7.6%), with 20.2% of individuals identifying as Hispanic. Overall, 49.4% of individuals reported one SLE and 10.5% reported two or more SLEs. Significant predictors for PD risk included 1 SLE (OR\u2009=\u20091.84, 95% CI [1.56, 2.15]) or \u2a7e2 SLEs (5.18, 95% CI [4.31, 6.23]), regardless of racial\/ethnic background.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Screening for PD risk in a rural population should include an assessment of SLEs, given the relationship between the two. Improving culturally appropriate local resources to support individuals and their families during the childbearing year should be considered, particularly for those experiencing SLEs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057251338368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]],"date-time":"2025-05-15T11:06:00Z","timestamp":1747307160000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Number of significant life events and perinatal depression in a diverse rural population: A brief report of a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9532-3245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcia","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cedarville University, Cedarville, OH, USA"},{"name":"University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1617-0314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eli","family":"Iacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryoko","family":"Kausler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"},{"name":"Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0681-7671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara E.","family":"Simonsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6633-7499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tumilara","family":"Aderibigbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8189-8235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gwen","family":"Latendresse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgwh.2021.726422"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-023-03773-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NNR.0000000000000117"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089431849600900207"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","article-title":"Carrying an unintended pregnancy to term and long-term maternal psychological distress: findings from the Dutch perspective Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study","volume":"19","author":"Beumer WY","year":"2023","unstructured":"Beumer WY, Roseboom TJ, Koot MH, et al. Carrying an unintended pregnancy to term and long-term maternal psychological distress: findings from the Dutch perspective Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study. Womens Health (Lond) 2023; 19: 17455057231213737.","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03630242.2024.2308528"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","article-title":"The unique contribution of gendered racial stress to depressive symptoms among pregnant Black women","volume":"18","author":"Clarke LS","year":"2022","unstructured":"Clarke LS, Riley HE, Corwin EJ, et al. The unique contribution of gendered racial stress to depressive symptoms among pregnant Black women. Womens Health (Lond) 2022; 18: 17455057221104657.","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-021-01305-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-021-01111-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-6748.328803"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.150.6.782"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.4770070110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2021.1937986"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.10.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","article-title":"Accuracy of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for screening to detect major depression among pregnant and postpartum women: Systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data","volume":"371","author":"Levis B","year":"2020","unstructured":"Levis B, Negeri Z, Sun Y, et al. Accuracy of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for screening to detect major depression among pregnant and postpartum women: Systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data. BMJ 2020; 371: m4022.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-11659-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"584","article-title":"Postpartum Depressive Symptoms: an analysis of social determinants using the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System","volume":"4","author":"O\u2019Connor S","year":"2023","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor S, Su LJ. Postpartum Depressive Symptoms: an analysis of social determinants using the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System. 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