{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:35:30Z","timestamp":1777944930098,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010927","name":"southern connecticut state university","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010927","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Connecticut State Universities"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Womens Health (Lond Engl)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The physical and social environments of correctional facilities impact the health of incarcerated women. Research indicates that sleep hygiene, which is critical to physical and mental health, deteriorates when people are incarcerated. However, this research is primarily quantitative and drawn from men\u2019s experiences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this analysis is to use qualitative data to build knowledge about the physical and social sleep environment of a women\u2019s prison.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nine individual interviews and one focus group, with four participants, were conducted with formerly incarcerated women. All the women had been incarcerated in the same state carceral institution for women located in the southeast region of the United States. These semi-structured interviews asked women to describe their daily habits, behaviors, and practices while incarcerated. Their responses included detail about the sleep environment. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded in Dedoose. Topical and thematic analysis of the women\u2019s narratives was conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings describe the prison\u2019s physical and social sleep environment. These narratives explore the role of peer and staff interactions, lighting, schedules, and norms on women\u2019s sleep behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Findings build knowledge about prison\u2019s physical and social environments that can inform carceral policy and health interventions with incarcerated and formerly incarcerated women. The narratives invite dialogue about how changes in carceral practices and facilities could improve women\u2019s sleep habits and behaviors. Findings encourage more education about sleep hygiene for incarcerated women and correctional staff. Further research is needed to better understand the impact of prison on women\u2019s sleep behaviors and health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057261425469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T08:23:19Z","timestamp":1775722999000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Physical and social sleep environment of a women\u2019s prison: A qualitative exploration"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6665-5945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy B.","family":"Smoyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, Simmons University, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7591-8770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna E.","family":"Elumn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"Kajstura A Sawyer W. Women\u2019s mass incarceration: the whole pie 2024. Prison Policy Initiative https:\/\/www.prisonpolicy.org\/reports\/pie2024women.html (2024 accessed 1 May 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-022-01831-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2013.0059"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08974454.2020.1871160"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1462474516665605"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.13556"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08952841.2019.1593771"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0262882"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15570851231178935"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2021.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40352-020-00120-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2022-0412"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2009.1786"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9566.2007.00474.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","unstructured":"National Sleep Foundation. How many hours of sleep do you really need? https:\/\/www.thensf.org\/how-many-hours-of-sleep-do-you-really-need\/ (2020 accessed 1 May 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031914-122838"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsaa037"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001078"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","unstructured":"National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. What are sleep deprivation and deficiency? https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health\/sleep-deprivation (2022 accessed 1 May 2025)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.2001.0200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","first-page":"227","article-title":"Symptoms of stress and depression as correlates of sleep in primary insomnia","volume":"62","author":"Hall M","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hall M, Buysse DJ, Nowell PD, et al. Symptoms of stress and depression as correlates of sleep in primary insomnia. Biopsychosoc Sci Med 2000; 62: 227\u2013230.","journal-title":"Biopsychosoc Sci Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13628"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3298"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30136-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13677"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleepadvances\/zpad055"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","article-title":"\u2018You wake up sore, you wake up angry\u2019: a commentary on why sleep quality is important in institutional settings","volume":"6","author":"O\u2019Mara O","year":"2025","unstructured":"O\u2019Mara O, Bonser T. \u2018You wake up sore, you wake up angry\u2019: a commentary on why sleep quality is important in institutional settings. 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