{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:35:52Z","timestamp":1777944952893,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Womens Health (Lond Engl)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is no consensus on the preferred time to remove urethral catheter post caesarean section.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare rate of significant bacteriuria and urinary retention following 8-h (study) and 24-h urethral catheter removal (control) post elective caesarean section.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A randomized controlled trial of eligible participants that underwent elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia between March 2019 and November 2019 was conducted. Participants (150 in each arm) were randomly assigned (1:1 ratio) to either 8-h or 24-h group. Primary outcome measures included rates of significant bacteriuria 48-h post-operatively and acute urine retention 6-h post urethral catheter removal. Analysis was by Intention-to-treat. ( www.pactr.org:PACTR202105874744483 )<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were 150 participants randomized into each arm and data collection was complete. Significant bacteriuria was less in 8-h group (3% versus 6.0%; risk ratio (RR): 0.85 CI: 0.60 to 5.66; p\u2009=\u20090.274), though not significant. Acute urinary retention requiring repeat catheterisation was significantly higher in 8-h group (11(7.3%) versus 0(0.0%); RR: 0.07; CI: 0.87 to 0.97; p\u2009=\u20090.001). Mean time until first voiding was slightly higher in 8-h group (211.4\u2009\u00b1\u200914.3 min versus 190.0\u2009\u00b1\u200918.3 min; mean difference (MD): 21.36; CI: \u221224.36 to 67.08; p\u2009=\u20090.203); but patient in this group had a lower mean time until ambulation (770.0\u2009\u00b1\u200926.1 min versus 809\u2009\u00b1\u200926.2 min; MD: \u221238.8; CI: \u2212111.6 to 34.0; p\u2009=\u20090.300). The 8-h group were significantly more satisfied (82\/150 (54.7%) versus 54\/150 (36.0%); p\u2009=\u20090.001)<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An 8-h group was associated with significant clinical satisfaction and acute urine retention compared to 24-h removal. The timing of urethral catheter removal did not affect rate of significant bacteriuria and other outcomes<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17455065211060637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]],"date-time":"2021-11-23T07:28:43Z","timestamp":1637652523000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Eight-hour versus 24-h urethral catheter removal following elective caesarean section for reducing significant bacteriuria: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4698-6226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emeka Philip","family":"Igbodike","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ibraheem Olayemi","family":"Awowole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olufemi O","family":"Kuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kayode Olusegun","family":"Ajenifuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George Uchenna","family":"Eleje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simeon Olugbade","family":"Olateju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bolatito Opeyemi","family":"Olopade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omotade Adebimpe","family":"Ijarotimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel Oladayo","family":"Irek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Njideka Theresa","family":"Igbodike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oluwole Ekundayo","family":"Ayegbusi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph Ifeanyichukwu","family":"Ikechebelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boniface Chukwuneme","family":"Okpala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olabisi Morebisi","family":"Loto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akintunde Olusegun","family":"Fehintola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akinyosoye Deji","family":"Ajiboye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olusola","family":"Fajobi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chima Stephene","family":"Abuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uchenna Uchenna","family":"Onwudiegwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olusola Benjamin","family":"Fasubaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernest Okechukwu","family":"Orji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olufemiwa Niyi","family":"Makinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander Tuesday","family":"Owolabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adebanjo Babalola","family":"Adeyemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17455065211060637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/BMRJ\/2014\/10097"},{"key":"bibr2-17455065211060637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12069"},{"key":"bibr3-17455065211060637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3329\/jafmc.v11i1.30658"},{"key":"bibr4-17455065211060637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02802.x"},{"key":"bibr5-17455065211060637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2012-001774"},{"issue":"5","key":"bibr6-17455065211060637","first-page":"6","volume":"5","author":"Karem Ali Hamad Al","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"bibr7-17455065211060637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2008.04.020"},{"issue":"11","key":"bibr8-17455065211060637","first-page":"1525","volume":"16","author":"Zanfini BA","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"bibr9-17455065211060637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199802000-00007"},{"key":"bibr10-17455065211060637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2018.1487394"},{"issue":"9","key":"bibr11-17455065211060637","first-page":"1","volume":"20","author":"Yaghmaei M","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infert"},{"key":"bibr12-17455065211060637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2018.1557142"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr13-17455065211060637","first-page":"141","volume":"9","author":"Taiwo S","year":"2006","journal-title":"Afr J Biomed Res"},{"key":"bibr14-17455065211060637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1986.tb07808.x"},{"key":"bibr15-17455065211060637","first-page":"CD010322","volume":"4","author":"Abdel-Aleem H","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr16-17455065211060637","first-page":"231","volume":"8","author":"Onu FA","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr17-17455065211060637","first-page":"3076","volume":"2","author":"Tosin OJ","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sch J App Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr18-17455065211060637","first-page":"40","volume":"20","author":"Czajkowski K","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prz Menopauzalny"},{"key":"bibr19-17455065211060637","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(03)00144-9"},{"key":"bibr20-17455065211060637","unstructured":"Haider MZ, Annamaraju P. Bladder catheterization (updated 12 August 2021). Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing, January 2021, https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK560748\/"}],"container-title":["Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17455065211060637","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/17455065211060637","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17455065211060637","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T08:32:12Z","timestamp":1777710732000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/17455065211060637"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/17455065211060637"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17455065211060637","relation":{},"ISSN":["1745-5057","1745-5065"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1745-5057","type":"print"},{"value":"1745-5065","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"article-number":"17455065211060637"}}