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However, conflicting results have been obtained with dual-task paradigms using either repetition tasks or more generally tasks involving limited loading of lexical selection. This study aimed to investigate whether post-lexical processes recruit attentional resources. We used a new dual-task paradigm in a set of experiments where a continuous verbal production task involved either high or low demand on lexical selection processes. Experiment 1 evaluates lexical and post-lexical processes with a semantic verbal fluency task, whereas Experiments 2 and 3 focus on post-lexical processes with a non-propositional speech task. In each experiment, two types of non-verbal secondary tasks were used: processing speed (simple manual reaction times) or inhibition (Go\/No-go). In Experiment 1, a dual-task cost was observed on the semantic verbal fluency task and each non-verbal task. In Experiment 2, a dual-task cost appeared on the non-verbal tasks but not on the speech task. The same paradigm was used with older adults (Experiment 3), as increased effort in post-lexical processes has been associated with ageing. For older adults, a dual-task cost was also observed on the non-propositional verbal task when speech was produced with the inhibition non-verbal task. The results suggest an attentional cost on post-lexical processes and strategic effects in the resolution of the dual-task.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/17470218211034130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,9]],"date-time":"2021-07-09T00:27:46Z","timestamp":1625790466000},"page":"1852-1872","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Attention in post-lexical processes of utterance production: Dual-task cost in younger and older adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6667-8960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryll","family":"Fournet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Neuropsychological Service-Neurorehabilitation, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"Pernon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Laboratory of Phonetics and Phonology, National Scientific Research Center, University Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Catalano Chiuv\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Neuropsychology and Speech Therapy Service, Fribourg Hospital, Fribourg, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Laganaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17470218211034130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-004-0488-z"},{"key":"bibr2-17470218211034130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_JSLHR-S-14-0083"},{"key":"bibr3-17470218211034130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2001\/060)"},{"key":"bibr4-17470218211034130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/026151008X314919"},{"key":"bibr5-17470218211034130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-015-9813-x"},{"key":"bibr6-17470218211034130","unstructured":"Boersma P., Weenink D. 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