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This study explored the issue by examining Mandarin-speaking children\u2019s production of recursive relative clauses under different semantic conditions. A 4 (syntactic types)\u2009\u00d7\u20092 (semantic conditions)\u2009\u00d7\u200910 (age) design was utilized. The syntactic types include: subject-gapped relative clauses within object-gapped relative clauses, object-gapped relative clauses within object-gapped relative clauses, object-gapped relative clauses within subject-gapped relative clauses, and subject-gapped relative clauses within subject-gapped relative clauses. Each syntactic type was tested under both irreversible and reversible internal semantics (IIS and RIS, respectively). Participants were exposed to speech-visual stimuli providing specific irreversible external semantics (IES). The study included 359 Mandarin-speaking children aged 3 to 11, along with 80 adult controls. 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