{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:45:36Z","timestamp":1790142336372,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,14]],"date-time":"2017-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pathophysiology of cervical artery dissection is complex and poorly understood. In addition to well-known causative and predisposing factors, including major trauma and monogenic connective tissue disorders, morphological characteristics of the styloid process have been recently recognized as a possible risk factor for cervical internal carotid artery dissection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study the association of the anatomical characteristics of styloid process with internal carotid artery dissection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective, multicenter, case\u2013control study of patients with internal carotid artery dissection and age- and sex-matched controls. Consecutive patients with internal carotid artery dissection and controls with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack of any etiology excluding internal carotid artery dissection, who had performed computed tomography angiography, diagnosed between January 2010 and September 2016. Two independent observers measured styloid process length and styloid process distance to internal carotid artery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sixty-two patients with internal carotid artery dissection and 70 controls were included. Interobserver agreement was good for styloid process length and styloid process\u2013internal carotid artery distance (interclass correlation coefficient\u2009=\u20090.89 and 0.76, respectively). Styloid process ipsilateral to dissection was longer than left and right styloid process in controls (35.8\u2009\u00b1\u200914.4\u2009mm versus 30.4\u2009\u00b1\u20098.9\u2009mm and 30.3\u2009\u00b1\u20098.2\u2009mm, p\u2009=\u20090.011 and p\u2009=\u20090.008, respectively). Styloid process\u2013internal carotid artery distance ipsilateral to dissection was shorter than left and right distance in controls (6.3\u2009\u00b1\u20091.9\u2009mm versus 7.2\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1\u2009mm and 7.0\u2009\u00b1\u20092.3\u2009mm, p\u2009=\u20090.003 and p\u2009=\u20090.026, respectively). Internal carotid artery dissection was associated with styloid process length (odds ratio\u2009=\u20091.04\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20091.01\u20131.08, p\u2009=\u20090.015) and styloid process\u2013internal carotid artery distance (OR\u2009=\u20090.77\u2009mm\n                      <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20090.64\u20130.92, p\u2009=\u20090.004).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Longer styloid process and shorter distance between styloid process and cervical internal carotid artery are associated with cervical internal carotid artery dissection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493017730779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,14]],"date-time":"2017-09-14T09:12:26Z","timestamp":1505380346000},"page":"400-405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Anatomical characteristics of the styloid process in internal carotid artery dissection: Case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M","family":"Amorim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Department, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Imaging Department, Neuroradiology Functional Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta G","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia\/Espinho, Espinho, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Beato-Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarida","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Hospital de Braga, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia\/Espinho, Espinho, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia\/Espinho, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mafalda","family":"Mendes-Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Imaging Department, Neuroradiology Functional Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Hospital de Braga, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Sargento-Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universit\u00e1rio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia\/Espinho, Espinho, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Pinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Hospital de Braga, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70251-9"},{"key":"bibr2-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70084-5"},{"key":"bibr3-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-012-2202-5"},{"key":"bibr4-1747493017730779","author":"Sveinsson O","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"bibr5-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.8.1886"},{"key":"bibr6-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31823b4729"},{"key":"bibr7-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Labeyrie PE, Braud F, Gakuba C, et\u00a0al. Cervical artery tortuosity is associated with intracranial aneurysm.\n                      Int J Stroke\n                      2017; 12: 549\u2013552.","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493016687577"},{"key":"bibr8-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.001444"},{"key":"bibr9-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-013-1186-1"},{"key":"bibr10-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20804"},{"key":"bibr11-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000043580.70857.92"},{"key":"bibr12-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31822f03fc"},{"key":"bibr13-1747493017730779","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815583047"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Stroke"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1747493017730779","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1747493017730779","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1747493017730779","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T07:15:35Z","timestamp":1777706135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1747493017730779"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,14]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1747493017730779"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1747493017730779","relation":{},"ISSN":["1747-4930","1747-4949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1747-4930","type":"print"},{"value":"1747-4949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,14]]}}}