{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T01:06:54Z","timestamp":1777943214586,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,20]],"date-time":"2020-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608422400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospects of a participation measure to be valid across cultures are debatable. Existing stroke outcome measures had been shown to have limited validity when used within Indian sociocultural contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop and validate a patient-reported outcome measure of participation in daily activities appropriate for patients with stroke living in an Indian sociocultural context.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The scale was developed in two phases: scale development and psychometric testing. Items were derived from a conceptual framework of participation in daily activities of patients who had experienced stroke within an Indian context. The final version of the scale consisted of 25 items. A total of 377 patients diagnosed with stroke were recruited from two tertiary care hospitals and five physiotherapy outpatient rehabilitation centers in India. Psychometric testing of the scale included investigation of internal consistency, unidimensionality, construct validity (known group and convergent validity), and test\u2013retest reliability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The scale items demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach\u2019s alpha\u2009=\u2009.94). Confirmatory factor analysis results showed acceptable goodness of fit. The scale has shown good construct validity and test\u2013retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient\u2009=\u20090.80). The scale differentiated patients with low and high disability severity (mean difference\u2009=\u200934, 95% CI\u2009=\u200927 to 39) and moderately associated with physical and instrumental activities of daily living ( r\u2009=\u20090.64, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and social participation domains of stroke impact scale ( r\u2009=\u20090.44, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and Barthel index ( r\u2009=\u20090.59, p\u2009&lt;\u2009.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Indian Stroke Scale has shown preliminary evidence of validity to support its use as a patient-reported outcome measure for evaluating poststroke participation in daily activities among patients with stroke in India.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493020979361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,20]],"date-time":"2020-12-20T12:20:42Z","timestamp":1608466842000},"page":"840-848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Indian Stroke Scale: Development and validation of a scale to measure participation in daily activities among patients with stroke in India"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4400-4041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V","family":"Prakash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science & Technology, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohan","family":"Ganesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of St Augustine, San Marcos, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2019.01.006"},{"key":"bibr2-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1630.1992.tb01729.x"},{"key":"bibr3-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215507077286"},{"key":"bibr4-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638289809166081"},{"key":"bibr5-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10749357.2016.1234190"},{"key":"bibr6-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2019.1706194"},{"key":"bibr7-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2009.11.030"},{"key":"bibr8-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280701625534"},{"key":"bibr9-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008846618880"},{"key":"bibr10-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2009.06.009"},{"key":"bibr11-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30034-1"},{"key":"bibr12-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2011.06.013"},{"key":"bibr13-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2393"},{"key":"bibr14-1747493020979361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Streiner DL, Norman GR and Cairney J.\n                      Health measurement scales: a practical guide to their development and use\n                      . 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