{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T01:43:45Z","timestamp":1791337425680,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]],"date-time":"2021-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621468800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001590","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001590","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inflammation driven by pro-inflammatory cytokines is a new therapeutic target in coronary disease. Few data exist on the association of key upstream cytokines and post-stroke recurrence. In a prospective cohort study, we investigated the association between pivotal cytokines, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and one-year outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BIO-STROKETIA is a multi-center prospective cohort study of non-severe ischemic stroke (modified Rankin score\u2009\u2264\u20093) and transient ischemic attack. Controls were patients with transient symptoms attending transient ischemic attack clinics with non-ischemic final diagnosis. Exclusion criteria were severe stroke, infection, and other pro-inflammatory disease; hsCRP and cytokines (interleukin (IL) 6, IL-1\u03b2, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, interferon-\u03b3 (IFN-\u03b3), tumor-necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1)) were measured. The primary outcome was one-year recurrent stroke\/coronary events (fatal and non-fatal).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, 680 patients (439 stroke, 241 transient ischemic attack) and 68 controls were included. IL-6, IL-1\u03b2, IL-8, IFN-\u03b3, TNF-\u03b1, and hsCRP were higher in stroke\/transient ischemic attack cases (p\u2009\u2264\u20090.01 for all). On multivariable Cox regression, IL-6, IL-8, and hsCRP independently predicted one-year recurrent vascular events (adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) per-quartile increase IL-6 1.31, confidence interval (CI) 1.02\u20131.68, p\u2009=\u20090.03; IL-8 1.47, CI 1.15\u20131.89, p\u2009=\u20090.002; hsCRP 1.28, CI 1.01\u20131.62, p\u2009=\u20090.04). IL-6 (aHR 1.98, CI 1.26\u20133.14, p\u2009=\u20090.003) and hsCRP (aHR 1.81, CI 1.20\u20132.74, p\u2009=\u20090.005) independently predicted one-year fatality. IL-6 and hsCRP (adjusted odds ratio per-unit increase 1.02, CI 1.01\u20131.04) predicted poor functional outcome, with a trend for IL-1\u03b2 (p\u2009=\u20090.054).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline inflammatory cytokines independently predicted late recurrence, supporting a rationale for randomized trials of anti-inflammatory agents for prevention after stroke and suggesting that targeted therapy to high-risk patients with high baseline inflammation may be beneficial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493021995595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T02:24:16Z","timestamp":1612837456000},"page":"163-171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Inflammatory cytokines, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and risk of one-year vascular events, death, and poor functional outcome after stroke and transient ischemic attack"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1442-6320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S","family":"Coveney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Service, Mater University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Service, Mater University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O","family":"Belton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College Dublin, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Cassidy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"},{"name":"Medicine for the Older Person, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Crowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"},{"name":"Medicine for the Older Person, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Dolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"},{"name":"Medicine for the Older Person, Connolly Hospital Blanchardstown, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"de Gaetano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University College Dublin, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3680-5751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J","family":"Harbison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"},{"name":"Stroke Service, St James\u2019 Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Horgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Service, Mater University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Marnane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Service, Mater University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JJ","family":"McCabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Service, Mater University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Merwick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"},{"name":"Stroke Department, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Noone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"},{"name":"Medicine for the Older Person, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, Ireland"},{"name":"Beaumont Hospital and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PJ","family":"Kelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Service, Mater University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"Health Research Board Stroke Clinical Trials Network, 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