{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T23:05:07Z","timestamp":1788822307997,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Stroke"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a common cause of lobar and subarachnoid hemorrhages in the elderly. A diagnosis of CAA requires multiple lobar hemorrhagic lesions (intracerebral hemorrhage and\/or cerebral microbleeds) and\/or cortical superficial siderosis (cSS). In contrast, hemorrhagic lesions located in the deep structures are the hallmark of hypertensive arteriopathy (HTN-A). They are an exclusion criterion for CAA, and when present with lobar hemorrhagic lesions considered a separate entity: mixed location hemorrhages\/microbleeds (MLHs). We compared clinical, radiological, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) marker data in patients with CAA, MLH, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), and healthy controls (HCs) and used it to position MLH in the disease spectrum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with CAA (n\u2009=\u200931), MLH (n\u2009=\u200931), AD (n\u2009=\u200928), and HC (n\u2009=\u200930). Analysis of clinical, radiological, CSF biomarker (A\u00df42, A\u00df40, t-tau, and p-tau), and histopathological data in patients each group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>cSS was significantly more common in CAA than MLH (45% vs 13%, p\u2009=\u20090.011), and cSS in MLH was associated with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (p\u2009=\u20090.037). A\u00df42 levels and the A\u00df42\/A\u00df40 ratio, diagnostic groups followed the order HC\u2009&gt;\u2009MLH\u2009&gt;\u2009CAA\u2009&gt;\u2009AD and the opposite order for t-tau and p-tau. No clear order was apparent forA\u00df40. A\u00df40 and A\u00df42 levels as well as the A\u00df42\/A\u00df40 ratio were lower in both CAA and MLH patients with cSS than in patients without cSS. A\u00df40 and A\u00df42 levels were higher in CAA and MLH patients with lacunar infarcts than in those without.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data suggest that MLH and CAA are mutually not exclusive diagnoses, and are part of a spectrum with variable contributions of both CAA and HTN-A.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930231152124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T07:58:06Z","timestamp":1673251086000},"page":"728-735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characterizing mixed location hemorrhages\/microbleeds with CSF markers"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0860-4410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulf","family":"Jensen-Kondering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nils G","family":"Margraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Weiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Maetzler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justina","family":"Dargvainiene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Falk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Philippen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Bartsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Fl\u00fch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"R\u00f6cken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"M\u00f6ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Royl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5651-3900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Br\u00fcggemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Neurogenetics, University of L\u00fcbeck, L\u00fcbeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Roeben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Schulte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Center of Neurology, University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3205-4631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Bender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of T\u00fcbingen, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3262-8113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregor","family":"Kuhlenb\u00e4umer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, 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