{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:21:04Z","timestamp":1782861664341,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]],"date-time":"2010-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1270080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Media, War &amp; Conflict"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Photographic images of war have been used to accentuate and lend authority to war reporting since the early 20th century, with depictions in 1930s picture magazines of the Spanish Civil War prompting unprecedented expectations for frontline visual coverage. By the 1960s, Vietnam War coverage came to be associated with personal, independent and uncensored reporting and image making, seen as a journalistic ideal by some, and an obstacle to successful government conduct of the war by others. This article considers the idealized \u2018myth\u2019 of Vietnam War coverage and how it has influenced print and television photojournalism of American conflicts, skewing expectations of wartime media performance and fostering a consistent pattern of US Government\/media collaboration. Upon analysis, pictorial coverage of US wars by the American media not only fails to live up to the myth of Vietnam but tends to be compliant and nationalist. It fails to reflect popular ideals of independent and critical photojournalism, or even the willingness to depict the realities of war.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1750635210356813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,19]],"date-time":"2010-04-19T05:02:55Z","timestamp":1271653375000},"page":"7-41","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Media images of war"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Griffin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Macalester College, Saint Paul, MN, USA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Eddie Adams: Vietnam","author":"Adams, E.","year":"2008"},{"key":"atypb2","volume-title":"Mythologies","author":"Barthes, R.","year":"1972"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"The Gulf War Did Not Take Place","author":"Baudrillard, J.","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb4","volume-title":"Big Story: How the American Press and Television Reported and Interpreted the Crisis of Tet 1968 in Vietnam and Washington","author":"Braestrup, P.","year":"1977"},{"key":"atypb5","volume-title":"War and Photography: A Cultural History","author":"Brothers, C.","year":"1997"},{"key":"atypb6","volume-title":"Larry Burrows: Vietnam","author":"Burrows, L.","year":"2002"},{"key":"atypb7","volume-title":"Media and Culture: An Introduction to Mass Communication","author":"Campbell, R.","year":"2009"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1750635207087626"},{"issue":"3","key":"atypb9","first-page":"419","volume":"33","author":"Culbert, D.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Contemporary History"},{"key":"atypb10","volume-title":"News from Nowhere: Television and the News","author":"Epstein, E.J.","year":"2000"},{"key":"atypb11","volume-title":"Pictures on a Page: Photo-Journalism, Graphics and Picture Editing","author":"Evans, Harold","year":"1978"},{"key":"atypb12","volume-title":"Great News Photos and the Stories Behind Them, 2nd rev","author":"Faber, J.","year":"1978"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15205430701265638"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1748048508096142"},{"key":"atypb15","volume-title":"The Image Factory: Consumer Culture, Photography and the Visual Content Industry","author":"Frosh, P.","year":"2003"},{"key":"atypb16","volume-title":"Eyes of Time: Photojournalism in America (The International Museum of Photography at George Eastman House, a New York Graphic Society Book)","author":"Fulton, M.","year":"1988"},{"key":"atypb17","volume-title":"Deciding What\u2019s News: A Study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, Newsweek, and Time","author":"Gans, H.","year":"2004"},{"key":"atypb18","volume-title":"\u2018Persian Gulf War: The Movie\u2019","author":"Gerbner, G.","year":"1992"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"The Power of Photography: How Photographs Changed Our Lives","author":"Goldberg, V.","year":"1993"},{"issue":"2","key":"atypb20","first-page":"121","volume":"13","author":"Griffin, M.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Communication"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Griffin, M. 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