{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T14:05:25Z","timestamp":1785247525518,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]],"date-time":"2012-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1329868800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Hand Surg Eur Vol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of force\u2013time curves in rheumatoid hands was investigated to assess peak force, average force, total grip time, area under the curve, and variability of the plateau region of the curves to identify the impact of different rheumatoid hand deformities on grip strength. We studied 43 patients \u2014 10 men and 33 women \u2014 with established rheumatoid arthritis affecting their hands. Mean age was 61 years and mean duration of hand involvement was 13 years. Of the 86 hands, 38 had no finger deformity, eight had metacarpophalangeal joint ulnar deviation without any additional finger deformities, 16 had swan neck deformities, and 10 had boutonni\u00e8re deformities. Fourteen hands had a combination of deformities. The hands with combined deformities were the weakest, had poor grip strength (34.7 N, SE 8), and were able to sustain grip for only a short time (22 sec, SE 3). Swan neck deformity also profoundly affects the magnitude (49.8 N, SE 7) and sustainability of grip (15 sec, SE 2). Even when only one finger had a swan neck deformity the mean strength was poor at 45 N. Swan neck deformity causes greater loss of strength than boutonni\u00e8re deformity (82.7 N, SE 15). The strongest rheumatoid hands were those with only ulnar deviation deformities (90.8 N, SE 14). The area under the curve best predicted disability assessed using the Patient Evaluation Measure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193412439169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]],"date-time":"2012-02-22T23:01:22Z","timestamp":1329951682000},"page":"170-177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Grip strength characteristics using force\u2013time curves in rheumatoid hands"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"J. J.","family":"Dias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. 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