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Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria and were grouped by the type of revision carpal tunnel release, which were simple open release, open release with flap coverage or open release with implant coverage. Meta-analysis showed no difference, and pooled success proportions were 0.89, 0.89 and 0.85 for simple open carpal tunnel release, additional flap coverage and implant groups, respectively. No added value for coverage of the nerve was seen. Our review indicates that simple carpal tunnel release without additional coverage of the median nerve seems preferable as it is less invasive and without additional donor site morbidity. We found that the included studies were of low quality with moderate risk of bias and did not differentiate between persistent and recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/17531934211001715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,27]],"date-time":"2021-03-27T03:13:01Z","timestamp":1616814781000},"page":"749-753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Systematic review and meta-analysis of surgical options for recurrent or persistent carpal tunnel syndrome: simple decompression versus coverage of the median nerve"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Saskia F.","family":"de Roo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Den Bosch,The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe N.","family":"Sprangers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik T.","family":"Walbeehm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"van der Heijden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Den Bosch,The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193411431051"},{"key":"bibr2-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-013-0377-7"},{"key":"bibr3-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hansur.2018.10.244"},{"key":"bibr4-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(96)80341-8"},{"key":"bibr5-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-49008-1_42"},{"key":"bibr6-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11552-007-9025-7"},{"key":"bibr7-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/028443102753718069"},{"key":"bibr8-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(86)90046-2"},{"key":"bibr9-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.52.6.377"},{"key":"bibr10-17531934211001715","first-page":"181","volume":"38","author":"Fusetti C","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)"},{"key":"bibr11-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002380000219"},{"key":"bibr12-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12593-011-0051-x"},{"key":"bibr13-17531934211001715","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kluemper CT, Swafford RE, Hankins MJ, Davis CM, Brzezienski MA, Jemison MD. 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