{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T14:13:25Z","timestamp":1777731205276,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,14]],"date-time":"2012-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1331683200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Innate Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Modification of a lipid A moiety in Gram-negative bacterial LPS to a less acylated form is thought to facilitate bacterial evasion of host innate immunity, thereby enhancing pathogenicity. The contribution of less-acylated lipid A to interactions of whole bacterial cells with host cells (especially in humans) remains unclear. Mutant strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium with fewer acylated groups were generated. The major lipid A form in wild-type (WT) and the mutant KCS237 strain is hexa-acylated; in mutant strains KCS311 and KCS324 it is penta-acylated; and in KCS369 it is tetra-acylated. WT and KCS237 formalin-killed and live bacteria, as well as their LPS, strongly stimulated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human U937 cells; this stimulation was suppressed by TLR4 suppressors. LPS of other mutants produced no agonistic activity, but strong antagonistic activity, while their formalin-killed and live bacteria preparations had weak agonistic and no antagonistic activity. Moreover, these less-acylated mutants had increased resistance to phagocytosis by U937 cells. Our results indicate that a decrease of one acyl group (from six to five) is enough to allow Salmonella to evade human innate immunity and that the antagonistic activity of less-acylated lipid A is not utilized for this evasion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425912440599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,15]],"date-time":"2012-03-15T02:07:15Z","timestamp":1331777235000},"page":"764-773","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Evasion of human innate immunity without antagonizing TLR4 by mutant\n                    <i>Salmonella enterica<\/i>\n                    serovar Typhimurium having penta-acylated lipid A"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Motohiro","family":"Matsuura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Kawasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Doshisha Women\u2019s College, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuyoshi","family":"Kawahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Engineering, Kanto Gakuin University, Yokohama, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masao","family":"Mitsuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2004.02.009"},{"key":"bibr2-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.11.1777"},{"key":"bibr3-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni809"},{"key":"bibr4-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031076"},{"key":"bibr5-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M306802200"},{"key":"bibr6-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)55023-7"},{"key":"bibr7-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.12.6286-6292.1999"},{"key":"bibr8-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1985.tb08798.x"},{"key":"bibr9-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a135294"},{"key":"bibr10-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.49.1.225-237.1985"},{"key":"bibr11-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.71.110601.135414"},{"key":"bibr12-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.8.4092-4098.2002"},{"key":"bibr13-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1386"},{"key":"bibr14-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.9.5340-5348.2004"},{"key":"bibr15-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1033.2002.03321.x"},{"key":"bibr16-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2005.00482.x"},{"key":"bibr17-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.12.6799-6807.2003"},{"key":"bibr18-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5666","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.10.5666","volume":"162","author":"Vogel SN","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"bibr19-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(82)90224-6"},{"key":"bibr20-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01233-09"},{"key":"bibr21-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.120163297"},{"key":"bibr22-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00451-07"},{"key":"bibr23-1753425912440599","volume-title":"Advanced bacterial genetics: A manual for genetic engineering","author":"Davis RW","year":"1980"},{"key":"bibr24-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b000368i"},{"key":"bibr25-1753425912440599","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Westphal O, L\u00fcderitz O and Bister F. 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