{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T09:55:21Z","timestamp":1791453321145,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,8]],"date-time":"2015-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433721600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Innate Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Pro-inflammatory cytokine release (IL-8, IL-6, TNF-\u03b1,\u00a0IL-1\u03b2) by peripheral blood neutrophils, isolated from periodontitis patients (before\/after therapy) and matched controls, was determined after 18\u2009h culture in the presence\/absence of Escherichia coli LPS, opsonised Staphylococcus aureus, heat-killed Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis. All cultures demonstrated differences in the amounts of each cytokine detected ( P\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), with a clear release pattern (IL-8\u2009&gt;\u2009IL-6\u2009&gt;\u2009TNF-\u03b1\u2009=\u2009IL-1\u03b2). Median cytokine release from unstimulated patient neutrophils was consistently, but non-significantly, higher than from control cells. Stimulated cytokine release from untreated patient neutrophils was also consistently higher than from control cells. This hyper-reactivity was significant for all tested cytokines when data for all stimuli were combined ( P\u2009&lt;\u20090.016). In terms of individual stimuli, significant hyper-reactivity was detected with LPS (IL-8), F. nucleatum (IL-8, TNF-\u03b1), opsonised S. aureus (IL-8, TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2) and P. gingivalis (IL-8, IL-1\u03b2). Cytokine production by patient neutrophils did not reduce following successful non-surgical periodontal therapy and, except for responses to F. nucleatum, the cytokine hyper-reactivity detected pre-therapy was retained. These data demonstrate that chronic periodontitis is characterised by neutrophils that constitutively exhibit cytokine hyper-reactivity, the effects of which could modulate local and systemic inflammatory-immune responses and influence the risk and severity of periodontitis-associated systemic inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425915589387","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,8]],"date-time":"2015-06-08T21:55:50Z","timestamp":1433800550000},"page":"714-725","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":109,"title":["Peripheral blood neutrophil cytokine hyper-reactivity in chronic periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Martin R","family":"Ling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontal Research Group and MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham, St Chad\u2019s Queensway, 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