{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:56:59Z","timestamp":1790614619953,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,23]],"date-time":"2016-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Innate Immun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neutrophil (polymorphonuclear leukocyte) activation with release of granule contents plays an important role in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury, prompting clinical trials of inhibitors of neutrophil elastase. Despite mounting evidence for neutrophil-mediated host tissue damage in a variety of disease processes, mechanisms regulating azurophilic granule exocytosis at the plasma membrane, and thus release of elastase and other proteases, are poorly characterized. We hypothesized that azurophilic granule exocytosis would be enhanced under priming conditions similar to those seen during acute inflammatory events and during chronic inflammatory disease, and selected the cytokine TNF-\u03b1 to model this in\u00a0vitro. Neutrophils stimulated with TNF-\u03b1 alone elicited intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mobilization of secretory vesicles, specific, and gelatinase granules. p38 and ERK1\/2 MAPK were involved in these components of priming. TNF-\u03b1 priming alone did not mobilize azurophilic granules to the cell surface, but did markedly increase elastase release into the extracellular space in response to secondary stimulation with N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF). Priming of fMLF-stimulated elastase release was further augmented in the absence of NADPH oxidase-derived ROS. Our findings provide a mechanism for host tissue damage during neutrophil-mediated inflammation and suggest a novel anti-inflammatory role for the NADPH oxidase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425916668980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,21]],"date-time":"2016-09-21T21:49:31Z","timestamp":1474494571000},"page":"635-646","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Neutrophil azurophilic granule exocytosis is primed by TNF-\u03b1 and partially regulated by NADPH oxidase"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Renee M","family":"Potera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa J","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, 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