{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:08:50Z","timestamp":1781050130528,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,19]],"date-time":"2016-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474243200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Respir Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Bronchial occlusion with an Endobronchial Watanabe Spigot (EWS) has been shown to be useful in managing prolonged bronchopleural fistulas and intractable hemoptysis. EWS bronchial occlusion using a curette is less technically demanding. This retrospective study evaluated the clinical utility and simplicity of this method. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> A total of 18 consecutive patients (15 men, 3 women, aged 47\u201385 years) who underwent bronchial occlusion using an EWS from April 2012 to August 2014 were evaluated. The method involves sticking the tip of a curette into an EWS to the first joint, allowing it to be turned in any direction or at any angle. The time required to occlude the target bronchus was measured on routinely recorded digital videos. Other parameters evaluated included success rates, complications, and clinical outcomes. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Of the 18 patients, 11 underwent bronchial occlusion for intractable pneumothorax, 5 for postoperative bronchopleural fistula, two for intractable empyema, and one for hemoptysis. Each patient required 1\u20137 EWSs (median 4). Target bronchi included the right upper ( n = 8), left upper ( n = 5), right lower ( n = 2), left lower ( n = 2), and right middle ( n = 1) bronchi. The success rate of EWS insertion into the target bronchus was 100%. Time per EWS occlusion ranged from 65\u2013528 sec (median 158.5 sec). Of the 62 insertions, 36 (58.1%) were completed within 3 min, and 58 (93.5%) within 5 min. Successful outcomes were observed in 15 (83.3%) of the 18 patients. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p> EWS bronchial occlusion using a curette is a simple method for managing intractable bronchopleural fistulas in daily clinical settings. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1753465816664862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,6]],"date-time":"2016-09-06T00:28:16Z","timestamp":1473121696000},"page":"518-524","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["A simple method of bronchial occlusion with silicone spigots (Endobronchial Watanabe Spigot; EWS<sup>\u00ae<\/sup>) using a curette"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Sayako","family":"Morikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Okamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Minezawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Goto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masamichi","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teppei","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumito","family":"Isogai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Mieno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Histochemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakurako","family":"Uozu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Nakanishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsushi","family":"Okazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Allergy, Daiyukai General Hospital, Ichinomiya, Aichi, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuyoshi","family":"Imaizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University, 1\u201398, Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1753465816664862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.55.5261"},{"key":"bibr2-1753465816664862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2011.02123.x"},{"key":"bibr3-1753465816664862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0000000000000106"},{"key":"bibr4-1753465816664862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5761\/atcs.cr.11.01760"},{"key":"bibr5-1753465816664862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resinv.2015.09.001"},{"key":"bibr6-1753465816664862","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000092954"},{"key":"bibr7-1753465816664862","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1002\/rcr2.88","volume":"3","author":"Ishida A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Respirol Case 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