{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T19:53:12Z","timestamp":1781121192941,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Respir Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Tuberculosis (TB) is a constant threat even with a worldwide active public health campaign. Diagnosis of TB pleurisy is challenging in the case of pleural effusion of unknown origin after aspiration analysis. The study was designed to demonstrate a simple image interpretation technique to differentiate TB pleurisy from non-TB pleurisy using semi-rigid pleuroscopy. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The study retrospectively enrolled 117 patients who underwent semi-rigid pleuroscopy from April 2016 to August 2018 in a tertiary hospital. We analyzed the possibility of TB pleurisy using three simple pleuroscopic images via semi-rigid pleuroscopy. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Among 117 patients, 28 patients (23.9%) were diagnosed with TB pleurisy. Sago-like nodules\/micronodules, adhesion, and discrete distribution were noted in 20 (71.4%), 20 (71.4%), and 19 (67.9%) patients with TB pleurisy, respectively. Sago-like nodules\/micronodules, adhesion, and discrete distribution were noted in six (6.7%), 37 (41.6%), and no (0.0%) patients with non-TB pleurisy, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of any two out of three pleuroscopic patterns for TB pleurisy were 100.0% and 93.7%, respectively. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p> A high positive predictive value for TB pleurisy was demonstrated by the presence of any two out of the three characteristic features. Absence of all three features had an excellent negative predictive value for TB pleurisy. Our diagnostic criteria reconfirm that pleuroscopic images can be used as predictors for TB pleurisy in patients with undiagnosed pleural effusion. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplementary material section. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1753466621989532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T07:34:19Z","timestamp":1612856059000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Diagnosis of tuberculosis pleurisy with three endoscopic features <i>via<\/i> pleuroscopy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0466-7796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chung-Shu","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Hong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taipei Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Paul\u2019s Hospital, Taoyuan City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Hao","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taipei Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Tu Cheng Hospital, New Taipei City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fu-Tsai","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taipei Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Tu Cheng Hospital, New Taipei City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1660-7715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li-Chung","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, School of Medicine, Taipei Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Tu Cheng Hospital, New Taipei City"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chu-Liang","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, School of Medicine, Taipei"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkuo branch"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Min","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 199, Tung- Hwa N. Rd., Taipei Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1753466621989532","first-page":"677","volume-title":"JAMA","volume":"282","author":"Dye C","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr2-1753466621989532","first-page":"77","volume":"14","author":"Valdes L","year":"2003","journal-title":"et al."},{"key":"bibr3-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1843.2000.00223.x"},{"key":"bibr4-1753466621989532","first-page":"158","volume":"109","author":"Valdes L","year":"1996","journal-title":"et al."},{"key":"bibr5-1753466621989532","first-page":"806","volume":"28","author":"Metry MA","year":"2017","journal-title":"et al."},{"key":"bibr6-1753466621989532","first-page":"118","volume":"2","author":"Ozvaran MK","year":"2007","journal-title":"et al."},{"key":"bibr7-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2008.12.023"},{"key":"bibr8-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00063198-199907000-00012"},{"key":"bibr9-1753466621989532","first-page":"1190","volume":"150","author":"Escudero Bueno C","year":"1990","journal-title":"et al."},{"key":"bibr10-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.99.4.883"},{"key":"bibr11-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044842"},{"key":"bibr12-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.2.414"},{"key":"bibr13-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702007000100019"},{"key":"bibr14-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5490896"},{"key":"bibr15-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00046-2017"},{"key":"bibr16-1753466621989532","first-page":"1487","volume":"18","author":"Kong XL","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"bibr17-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/432474"},{"key":"bibr18-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2010.02.019"},{"key":"bibr19-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086316"},{"key":"bibr20-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.4.1114","volume":"142","author":"Barnes PF","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"bibr21-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-017-0499-y"},{"key":"bibr22-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2015.06.008"},{"key":"bibr23-1753466621989532","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2017.09.142"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1753466621989532","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1753466621989532","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1753466621989532","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T15:02:41Z","timestamp":1741014161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1753466621989532"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1753466621989532"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1753466621989532","relation":{},"ISSN":["1753-4666","1753-4666"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1753-4666","type":"print"},{"value":"1753-4666","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"article-number":"1753466621989532"}}