{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:56:41Z","timestamp":1790791001572,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Respir Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Information about angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), and Ang-(1\u20137) levels in patients with COVID-19 is scarce.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize the Ang II\u2013ACE2\u2013Ang-(1\u20137) axis in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection to understand its role in pathogenesis and prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients greater than 18\u2009years diagnosed with COVID-19, based on clinical findings and positive RT-PCR test, who required hospitalization and treatment were included. We compared Ang II, aldosterone, Ang-(1\u20137), and Ang-(1\u20139) concentrations and ACE2 concentration and activity between COVID-19 patients and historic controls. We compared baseline demographics, laboratory results (enzyme, peptide, and inflammatory marker levels), and outcome (patients who survived versus those who died).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Serum from 74 patients [age: 58 (48\u201367.2) years; 68% men] with moderate (20%) or severe (80%) COVID-19 were analyzed. During 13 (10\u201321) days of hospitalization, 25 patients died from COVID-19 and 49 patients survived. Compared with controls, Ang II concentration was higher and Ang-(1\u20137) concentration was lower, despite significantly higher ACE2 activity in patients. Ang II concentration was higher and Ang-(1\u20137) concentration was lower in patients who died. The Ang II\/Ang-(1\u20137) ratio was significantly higher in patients who died. In multivariate analysis, Ang II\/Ang-(1\u20137) ratio greater than 3.45 (OR\u2009=\u20095.87) and lymphocyte count \u2a7d0.65\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/\u00b5l (OR\u2009=\u20098.43) were independent predictors of mortality from COVID-19.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, imbalance in the Ang II\u2013ACE2\u2013Ang-(1\u20137) axis may reflect deleterious effects of Ang II and may indicate a worse outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17534666221122544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]],"date-time":"2022-09-09T10:04:04Z","timestamp":1662717844000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The prognostic importance of the angiotensin II\/angiotensin-(1\u20137) ratio in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Luis M","family":"Amezcua-Guerra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"del Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coronary Care Unit, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashidi","family":"Springall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"M\u00e1rquez-Velasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Mass\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Lab UNAM-INC Unit, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malinalli","family":"Brianza-Padilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Manzur-Sandoval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julieta","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Garc\u00eda-\u00c1vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaneli","family":"Ju\u00e1rez-Vicu\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fausto","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha A","family":"Ballinas-Verdugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edna","family":"Basilio-G\u00e1lvez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Araceli","family":"Paez-Arenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Medicine Lab UNAM-INC Unit, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauricio","family":"Castillo-Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"C\u00e1sares-Alvarado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Diazcouder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 L","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Gloria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Tavera-Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Core Lab, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4865-4869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Gopar-Nieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coronary Care Unit, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Mexico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Sandoval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Ignacio Ch\u00e1vez National Institute of Cardiology, Juan Badiano # 1, Colonia Secci\u00f3n XVI Tlalpan, M\u00e9xico City 14080, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.87.5.e1"},{"key":"bibr2-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M002615200"},{"key":"bibr3-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.317015"},{"key":"bibr4-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.028"},{"key":"bibr5-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20130436"},{"key":"bibr6-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e32834f04b6"},{"key":"bibr7-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2019.07.026"},{"key":"bibr8-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00217.2020"},{"key":"bibr9-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2020.04.005"},{"key":"bibr10-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2006.03.001"},{"key":"bibr11-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20200492"},{"key":"bibr12-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-020-1643-8"},{"key":"bibr13-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02416-2019"},{"key":"bibr14-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202101-0142LE"},{"key":"bibr15-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.03730-2020"},{"key":"bibr16-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252799"},{"key":"bibr17-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26479"},{"key":"bibr18-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18295"},{"key":"bibr19-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.625732"},{"key":"bibr20-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpaa169"},{"key":"bibr21-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365513.2021.1926536"},{"key":"bibr22-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365513.2021.1871641"},{"key":"bibr23-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00129.2021"},{"key":"bibr24-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-20-1445"},{"key":"bibr25-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-05991-x"},{"key":"bibr26-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-021-01466-x"},{"key":"bibr27-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2009.10.010"},{"key":"bibr28-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3012"},{"key":"bibr29-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15557\/PiMR.2020.0004"},{"key":"bibr30-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recesp.2011.04.017"},{"key":"bibr31-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00114-2021"},{"key":"bibr32-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10102755"},{"key":"bibr33-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.119.14071"},{"key":"bibr34-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.16724"},{"key":"bibr35-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.109.138420"},{"key":"bibr36-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13513"},{"key":"bibr37-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.05.002"},{"key":"bibr38-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.22211.2"},{"key":"bibr39-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15353"},{"key":"bibr40-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15595"},{"key":"bibr41-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvaa053"},{"key":"bibr42-17534666221122544","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00912-2020"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17534666221122544","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/17534666221122544","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17534666221122544","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T14:36:28Z","timestamp":1740753388000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/17534666221122544"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/17534666221122544"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17534666221122544","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1177\/17534666221122544\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1177\/17534666221122544\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1177\/17534666221122544\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1177\/17534666221122544\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1177\/17534666221122544\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1177\/17534666221122544\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1177\/17534666221122544\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1177\/17534666221122544\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1753-4666","1753-4666"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1753-4666","type":"print"},{"value":"1753-4666","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"article-number":"17534666221122544"}}