{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T18:12:35Z","timestamp":1782151955121,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Respir Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Radial probe endobronchial ultrasound (radial EBUS) is widely used to diagnose pulmonary lesions; however, the diagnostic value of radial EBUS-guided transbronchial biopsy (TBB) varies, and its complications (especially the risk of bleeding) are not properly understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic performance and rate of complication of this procedure, and investigated the risk factors associated with the procedure-related bleeding events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective study that included consecutive patients who underwent radial EBUS-guided TBB. Radial EBUS was performed under moderate sedation in inpatients or outpatients. The severity of bleeding was graded using the standardized definitions of bleeding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 133 patients (median age, 69\u2009years; men 57.1%) included, 41 were outpatients (30.8%). The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for malignancy were 76.1% (89\/117), 71.1% (69\/97), and 100% (20\/20), respectively. The diagnostic accuracy ranged from 66.9% to 79.0%, depending on the classification of undiagnosed cases as either false negatives or true negatives. Twenty-seven patients (20.3%) developed complications (pneumothorax, 3; pneumonia, 5; complicated pleural effusion, 2; bleeding event grade 2 or higher, 21). Of the 41 outpatients, two developed complications (pneumothorax without intervention, 1; grade 2 bleeding event, 1). Of the 21 patients (15.8%) with procedure-related bleeding events, 18 had grade 2, and three had grade 3 bleeding complications. In multivariate analysis, a large size of \u2a7e30\u2009mm (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 5.09; p\u2009=\u20090.03) and central lesion (adjusted OR, 3.67; p\u2009=\u20090.03) were significantly associated with the risk of grade 2 or higher bleeding events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest that radial EBUS-guided TBB is an accurate and safe method for diagnosing pulmonary lesions. Clinically significant procedure-related bleeding was rare. The central location and larger size (\u2a7e30\u2009mm) of pulmonary lesions were risk factors for grade 2 or higher bleeding events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17534666241273017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T05:52:50Z","timestamp":1724046770000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Safety and risk factors for bleeding complications of radial probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial biopsy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Eunhye","family":"Bae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeontaek","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joong-Yub","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Sik","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6537-8843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaeyoung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1102873"},{"key":"bibr2-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1911793"},{"key":"bibr3-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.0377"},{"key":"bibr4-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4046\/trd.2020.0134"},{"key":"bibr5-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-207168"},{"key":"bibr6-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-017-0561-6"},{"key":"bibr7-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3348\/kjr.2019.0189"},{"key":"bibr8-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-018-1317-0"},{"key":"bibr9-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2291020499"},{"key":"bibr10-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-2353"},{"key":"bibr11-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.02.650"},{"key":"bibr12-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2018.11.013"},{"key":"bibr13-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4046\/trd.2021.0002"},{"key":"bibr14-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2012.02276.x"},{"key":"bibr15-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-016-0228-y"},{"key":"bibr16-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201711-856OC"},{"key":"bibr17-17534666241273017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.01.036"},{"key":"bibr18-17534666241273017","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 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