{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:39:21Z","timestamp":1792172361830,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82000102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82000102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82270112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82270112"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Cluster Foundation of Shanghai Health Commission","award":["2020CXJQ03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020CXJQ03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Respir Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor (SMARCA4-UT), as a rare and highly malignant neoplasm associated with a high mortality risk, is easily confused with SMARCA4-deficient nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To date, no standard and effective protocol for thoracic SMARCA4-UT has been established. Immunotherapy has demonstrated efficacy in advanced NSCLC, achieving unprecedented survival benefits. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remain a significant clinical challenge. Here, we reported the first case of thoracic SMARCA4-UT with immune-related cystitis and hypothyroidism, in which the patient benefited from first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapy, achieving a remarkable overall survival of over 100\u2009weeks. Furthermore, we performed a review and analysis of the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, immunotherapy, and prognosis of thoracic SMARCA4-UT, proposing that first-line therapy combining immunotherapy with platinum-based chemotherapy (induction and maintenance phases) with or without radiotherapy, may improve the prognosis of such patients. Additionally, we hypothesized a potential role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of immune-related cystitis for the first time and detailed the clinicopathological characteristics and evidence-based management of this irAE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/17534666251385689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T06:57:42Z","timestamp":1761202662000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prolonged survival of thoracic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated tumor with immune-related cystitis: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6182-161X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of the Chinese People\u2019s 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