{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T07:58:02Z","timestamp":1785571082367,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Respir Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm (PAP) is a rare but potentially fatal vascular lesion resulting from focal disruption of the pulmonary arterial wall. Although hemoptysis from the pulmonary arterial system is uncommon, PAP carries a high risk of rupture, with reported mortality rates up to 50%. PAP is most often caused by trauma or infection, with pyogenic bacteria and fungi as typical pathogens, while\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Streptococcus constellatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an exceptionally rare cause. A 60-year-old woman with well-controlled type 2 diabetes presented with recurrent massive hemoptysis, fever, and right-sided pleuritic chest pain, without prior lung disease or trauma. She initially underwent emergency bronchial artery embolization (BAE) and antibiotic therapy for necrotizing pneumonia-associated hemoptysis, with no clinical improvement. Following the second BAE for recurrent massive hemoptysis, a PAP, possibly related to a bronchial-pulmonary arterial shunt, was suspected in the right lower lobe on angiography and subsequently confirmed on contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Despite optimal medical therapy, repeated BAE, and coil embolization of the PAP, hemoptysis persisted, and respiratory status deteriorated. The patient ultimately underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic right lower lobectomy, with intraoperative cultures of lung tissue and pleural fluid confirming\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. constellatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and achieved complete recovery without recurrent hemoptysis. PAP is a rare but potentially fatal cause of hemoptysis that requires a high index of suspicion. Although endovascular intervention is effective for initial hemorrhage control, persistent infection or refractory hemoptysis may necessitate surgical resection to achieve definitive management. This case highlights\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. constellatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    as an exceptionally rare infectious cause of PAP and underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in complex, antibiotic-resistant cases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/17534666261455473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T17:15:11Z","timestamp":1785345311000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Surgical management of refractory massive hemoptysis from pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm due to\n                    <i>Streptococcus constellatus<\/i>\n                    : a rare case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3144-7561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khoa","family":"Nguyen-Dang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Respiratory Department, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8372-2794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ngoc","family":"Duong-Minh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Respiratory Department, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6059-0992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nguyen","family":"Tran-Ngoc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8195-9231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Loc","family":"Nguyen-Dinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7788-3767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quoc-Khanh","family":"Tran-Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Respiratory Department, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4706-0225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thong","family":"Pham-Quang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6115-560X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tien-Bao","family":"Nguyen-Van","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-971202"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-1159"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3348\/jksr.2023.0161"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-024-03225-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-019-01547-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.16.16312"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12113796"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","article-title":"Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm caused by","volume":"17","author":"Morinaga Y","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morinaga Y, Yanagihara K, Gyotoku H, et al. Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm caused by Streptococcus constellatus. Int J Infect Dis 2013; 17: e1064\u2013e1066.","journal-title":"Streptococcus constellatus. 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Aggressive presentation of Streptococcus constellatus. Cureus 2021; 13: e14534.","journal-title":"Streptococcus constellatus. 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