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Malnutrition is common and represents a major prognostic factor in bronchiectasis, associated with impaired lung function, increased hospitalization, and higher mortality. Systematic nutritional assessment and intervention should therefore be integrated into routine care for these patients. However, evidence guiding optimal nutritional strategies remains limited, and validated nutritional guidelines for bronchiectasis are lacking. This review provides a structured framework to support clinicians in optimizing nutritional management in bronchiectasis, based on the treatable traits model proposed by Boaventura et al. in 2018. We examine the pathophysiology of malnutrition across the four domains of treatable traits, including aetiological, pulmonary, extrapulmonary, and environmental factors, to elucidate the complex bidirectional relationship between malnutrition and bronchiectasis. 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