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Primary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis classically presents in childhood as a result of genetically abnormal perforin or inflammasome function, leading to the aberrant release of pro-inflammatory cytokines causing a hyperinflammatory state. Secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is an acquired phenomenon occurring at any age as a result of immune dysregulation to a specific trigger such as infection, haematological malignancy or autoimmune disease. Secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis occurring in the pregnant woman represents a diagnostic challenge and carries a significant mortality. This has led to its first inclusion in the fourth Mothers and Babies: Reducing Risk through Audits and Confidential Enquiries across the United Kingdom annual maternal report in 2017. This article presents an overview of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, reviews the literature on haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in pregnancy, suggests diagnostic pathways and explores the safety and efficacy of existing and potential treatment strategies for haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis occurring during pregnancy. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1753495x211011913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,26]],"date-time":"2021-09-26T15:56:35Z","timestamp":1632671795000},"page":"79-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Harold","family":"Wilson-Morkeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Frise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal-Maternal Medicine Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK"},{"name":"De Swiet\u2019s Obstetric Medicine Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Queen Charlotte\u2019s and Chelsea Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8297-556X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taryn","family":"Youngstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK"},{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1753495X211011913","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200309000-00011"},{"key":"bibr2-1753495X211011913","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2018894618"},{"key":"bibr3-1753495X211011913","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20198"},{"key":"bibr4-1753495X211011913","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2017.03.023"},{"key":"bibr5-1753495X211011913","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61048-X"},{"key":"bibr6-1753495X211011913","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13102"},{"key":"bibr7-1753495X211011913","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-011-1380-3"},{"key":"bibr8-1753495X211011913","unstructured":"HistioUK. 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