{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T11:05:51Z","timestamp":1785236751544,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund","award":["LBH-Z22214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LBH-Z22214"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Coronary microvascular disease (CMVD) is an important contributor to ischemic heart disease. Symptomatic patients without obstructive coronary lesions may still have microvascular ischemia, which is associated with\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">an increased risk<\/jats:italic>\n                      of major adverse cardiovascular events. The diagnosis of CMVD relies on coronary function testing or noninvasive imaging techniques, which are not universally available and may limit routine clinical implementation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Growing evidence supports the notion that biological processes such as inflammation and oxidative stress drive vascular aging and contribute to microvascular dysfunction. The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a marker used to assess immune-inflammatory and thrombotic status and has shown prognostic value in chronic heart failure, and acute myocardial infarction. However, its role in CMVD remains underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To address this gap, we retrospectively analyzed 180 patients with angina who underwent myocardial contrast stress echocardiography between January and November 2022 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on coronary microcirculatory function, patients were divided into two groups: 91 with normal function and 89 with microcirculatory disorders. Clinical data and lab indicators were compared.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      SII was significantly higher in the CMVD group (722.96\u2009\u00b1\u2009354.10 vs 618.51\u2009\u00b1\u2009324.50;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Logistic regression identified SII, LDL cholesterol as independent CMVD predictors. Pearson correlation demonstrated an inverse relationship between SII and coronary flow reserve, supporting its link with impaired microvascular function. Receiver operating characteristic analysis further showed that the combined SII and LDL model provided improved discriminatory performance compared with either marker alone, achieving an area under the curve of 0.76 with a sensitivity of 77.5% and specificity of 69.2%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SII is independently associated with CMVD and improved discriminatory performance when combined with LDL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17539447261469508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T10:05:02Z","timestamp":1784973902000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Combined diagnostic value of the systemic immune-inflammation index and LDL for coronary microvascular disease: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8234-2017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiantao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.09.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.023207"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa857"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2023.06.073"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9010086"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.01.064"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15420\/ecr.2020.47"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"100734","article-title":"Epicardial adipose tissue in coronary microvascular disease","volume":"63","author":"Gasparkova V","year":"2026","unstructured":"Gasparkova V, Tran BT, Ostadal P, et al. Epicardial adipose tissue in coronary microvascular disease. Am Heart J Plus 2026; 63: 100734.","journal-title":"Am Heart J Plus"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu072"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.02429-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2021.110223"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2019.100370"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0236035"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000034596"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S343110"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.25691"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.933913"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","article-title":"Systemic immune inflammation index is a novel marker in predicting the presence and severity of isolated coronary artery ectasia","volume":"120","author":"Dindas F","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dindas F, Koyun E, Turkyilmaz E, et al. Systemic immune inflammation index is a novel marker in predicting the presence and severity of isolated coronary artery ectasia. Arq Bras Cardiol 2023; 120: e20220056.","journal-title":"Arq Bras Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00033197221129356"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14141495"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-064171"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.14217"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2011.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.10.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","first-page":"163","article-title":"[Detection of coronary artery disease by adenosine triphosphate stress echocardiography: comparison with adenosine triphosphate stress thallium myocardial scintigraphy and coronary angiography]","volume":"32","author":"Harada M","year":"1998","unstructured":"Harada M, Okura K, Nishizawa S, et al. [Detection of coronary artery disease by adenosine triphosphate stress echocardiography: comparison with adenosine triphosphate stress thallium myocardial scintigraphy and coronary angiography]. J Cardiol 1998; 32: 163\u2013171.","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jen175"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/XCE.0000000000000223"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.82.3.269"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.061010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","article-title":"2018 AHA\/ACC\/AACVPR\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/ADA\/AGS\/APhA\/ASPC\/NLA\/PCNA guideline on the management of blood cholesterol: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"139","author":"Grundy SM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Grundy SM, Stone NJ, Bailey AL, et al. 2018 AHA\/ACC\/AACVPR\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACPM\/ADA\/AGS\/APhA\/ASPC\/NLA\/PCNA guideline on the management of blood cholesterol: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2019; 139: e1082\u2013e1143.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.90.2.808"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2459\/JCM.0b013e328351725a"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0000000000000779"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.046"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","first-page":"1310","article-title":"Inflammatory and lipid biomarkers in early atherosclerosis: a comprehensive analysis","volume":"14","author":"Namitokov A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Namitokov A, Karabakhtsieva K, Malyarevskaya O. Inflammatory and lipid biomarkers in early atherosclerosis: a comprehensive analysis. Life (Basel) 2024; 14: 1310.","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707914"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003319720987743"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12031128"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.02.049"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1385457"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.315368"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-08-2804"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-019-01901-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.13.1322"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra071014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1102-1227"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08037051.2017.1292395"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.08.876"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12010073"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1600947"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.08.068"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJY20M07_01"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17539447261469508","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/17539447261469508","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17539447261469508","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T10:51:06Z","timestamp":1785235866000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/17539447261469508"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/17539447261469508"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17539447261469508","relation":{},"ISSN":["1753-9447","1753-9455"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1753-9447","type":"print"},{"value":"1753-9455","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"article-number":"17539447261469508"}}