{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T15:35:19Z","timestamp":1793288119422,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Drug Safety and Risk Management in 2024.","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02fsqa093","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health & Welfare and Ministry of Science and ICT","award":["RS-2024-00460694"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00460694"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01wpjm123","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therap Adv Gastroenterol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent changes in the acid-related disease market, particularly the emergence of potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs), require an updated analysis of trends in gastric acid suppressant utilization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As the use of P-CAB expands globally, a cross-sectional study is needed to assess its association with potential adverse events from a pharmacovigilance perspective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed gastric acid suppressant use at prescription and patient levels using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment National Patient Sample database (2014\u20132020). Prescription-level analysis included the annual prescriptions for histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and P-CABs, and proportion of visits by acid-related indications. Patient-level analysis examined annual trends in drug use and clinical characteristics. Logistic regression was used to estimate prevalence odds ratios (ORs) for potential adverse events among drug users and non-users according to the drug class.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2020, H2RAs were primarily prescribed for gastritis and duodenitis (64.5%), whereas PPIs (55.4%) and P-CABs (58.6%) were primarily used to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease. H2RA prescriptions declined in 2019, whereas the use of P-CAB increased following the approval of tegoprazan in 2018. Patients aged 40\u201364\u2009years and female users were predominant across all classes of gastric acid suppressants. P-CAB use was significantly associated with osteoporosis (OR\u2009=\u20091.17; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13\u20131.20), pneumonia (OR\u2009=\u20091.65, 95% CI: 1.55\u20131.75), and acute kidney injury (OR\u2009=\u20091.39, 95% CI: 1.20\u20131.61).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>P-CABs have reshaped the prescription landscape of gastric acid suppressants. Further longitudinal cohort studies are required to evaluate long-term safety in routine clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848251356406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T10:52:03Z","timestamp":1752576723000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prescription trends of gastric acid suppressants and association with potential adverse events in Korea: a real-world cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Min Jeong","family":"Je","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Min","family":"Go","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin Yeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min-Gul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanum Space Co., Ltd, Jeonju, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hankil","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ha-Lim","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Geonji-ro 20, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8609-7135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Geonji-ro 20, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00287-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2024.111478"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13709"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-041529"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0270252"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-019-02798-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm18029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2016.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-015-0368-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","unstructured":"Phantom Pharmaceuticals. 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