{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T13:03:48Z","timestamp":1774789428083,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745798400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745798400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Novartis Pharma Middle East"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Neurol Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, associated with demyelination and inflammation. Relapsing forms of MS (RMS) encompass all patients with MS experiencing relapses. While there is currently no cure for MS, the introduction of several disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) has significantly reduced the risk of relapse and disability in patients with MS. There is a high unmet need for an easy-to-administer DMT that can be used early in the treatment pathway.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of ofatumumab compared with other commonly used DMTs for the treatment of RMS from a health payer perspective in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cost-effectiveness analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A Markov model, based on expanded disability status scale (EDSS) health states, was developed using the UAE payer\u2019s perspective and a 65-year time horizon. The baseline patient distribution across the EDSS states was aligned to the population of ASCLEPIOS I and II trials. The British Columbia database informed natural history transition probabilities. Treatment effects were applied by delaying disability progression and reducing the number of relapses and were sourced from a network meta-analysis. The health care resource utilization was derived from interviews with local experts, who also validated the model structure and comparators, and utility inputs from published studies. In the absence of an officially defined willingness-to-pay threshold in the UAE, it was assumed to be United Arab Emirates Dirham (AED) 369,854 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY), which is twice the UAE gross domestic product per capita.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Base-case results indicated that ofatumumab was dominant over ocrelizumab, dimethyl fumarate, fingolimod, and natalizumab intravenous; was more cost-effective compared with teriflunomide, fingolimod (generic), glatiramer acetate, interferons, and best supportive care; and resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of AED 713,068 per QALY versus cladribine. Sensitivity analyses were in line with the results of the base-case analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From the UAE payer\u2019s perspective, ofatumumab could be a cost-effective treatment alternative for patients with RMS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864251330260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T04:15:33Z","timestamp":1745813733000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cost-effectiveness of ofatumumab for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis in the United Arab Emirates"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jihad","family":"Inshasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Rashid Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Dubai Medical College, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yomna","family":"Nowier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis Middle East FZE, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evelina A.","family":"Zimovetz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Real World Evidence, IQVIA, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Saudi German Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Shatila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Farghaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Thakre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Al Zahra Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Shakra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara Al","family":"Dallal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emirates Health Economics Society, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzan I. A.","family":"Noori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tayseer Zain","family":"Alabdin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Department, Al Qassimi Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherouq","family":"Khattab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novartis Middle East FZE, Dubai, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2540-6651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bassem","family":"Yamout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Institute and MS Center, Harley Street Medical Center, Villa no. A21, Al Kasir-Al Marina, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2006.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-021-00264-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2016.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207454.2011.565893"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.1.74"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002564"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/135245850000600207"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.101459"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/cer-2020-0122"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-021-01650-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1917246"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3111\/13696998.2015.1135805"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2009.00660.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2009.00663.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","unstructured":"International Monetary Fund. World Economic Outlook database: April 2022 https:\/\/www.imf.Org\/external\/error.htm (2022 accessed 26 December 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","unstructured":"XE. XE currency converter https:\/\/www.xe.com\/currencyconverter\/convert\/?Amount=50348.82&From=USD&To=AED. (2022 accessed 26 December 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41669-022-00363-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","volume-title":"Earlier ofatumumab treatment may reduce disease progression and relapses for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: results from a cost-consequence model","author":"Green L","unstructured":"Green L, Montgomery S, Durand A, et al. Earlier ofatumumab treatment may reduce disease progression and relapses for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: results from a cost-consequence model. Poster presented at the 38th congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis, RAI Amsterdam, 26\u201328 October 2022, Amsterdam, Netherlands."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2022.09.395"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40120-020-00201-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration. LEMTRADA prescribing information https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/drugsatfda_docs\/label\/2017\/103948s5158lbl.pdf (2017 accessed 26 December 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004073"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00018-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1982.tb03084.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2006.00144.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global health observatory data repository. WHO Life Tables United Arab Emirates https:\/\/apps.who.int\/gho\/data\/view.main.LT62250 (2019 accessed 22 December 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7370-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","unstructured":"Daman Health. Daman published rates non-network services price list 2016 https:\/\/www.damanhealth.ae\/main\/pdf\/support\/EXH-1784_161013_Daman-Published-Rates-Non-Network-Services-Price-List.pdf (2016 accessed 27 December 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","unstructured":"Department of Health. Shafafiya combined drugs reference price list: September 2022 https:\/\/shafafiyaportal.doh.gov.ae\/dictionary\/DrugCoding\/Drugs.xlsx (2022 accessed 3 September 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2016.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. NICE health technology evaluations: the manual. Process and methods [PMG36] https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/process\/pmg36\/chapter\/economic-evaluation#measuring-and-valuing-health-effects-in-cost-utility-analyses (2022 accessed 26 December 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2021.11.1351"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512441566"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000218309.01322.5c"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2021.11.1363"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7388.522"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.1015256"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17562864251330260","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/17562864251330260","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17562864251330260","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T05:05:01Z","timestamp":1767675901000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/17562864251330260"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/17562864251330260"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17562864251330260","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-2864","1756-2864"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-2864","type":"print"},{"value":"1756-2864","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"article-number":"17562864251330260"}}