{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T02:01:43Z","timestamp":1789524103067,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82471379"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82471379"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Neurol Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune neuropathy with limited effective treatments. Efgartigimod, a neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) antagonist, may offer a novel treatment by reducing pathogenic immunoglobulin G.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and immunological effects of efgartigimod in patients with GBS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective, observational, monocentric study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 36 patients with GBS who received efgartigimod treatment. Efficacy was evaluated using the GBS-Disability Scale (GBS-DS) and Medical Research Council (MRC) scores over 8\u2009weeks. Additionally, exploratory lymphocyte subset analysis was conducted on 13 patients before and after treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients were stratified into those receiving efgartigimod as first-line therapy (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200917) and as escalation therapy after intravenous immunoglobulin or plasma exchange (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200919). Both cohorts showed significant and sustained clinical improvement over 8\u2009weeks (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). More importantly, the first-line cohort demonstrated a more rapid initial response, with a significantly greater reduction in GBS-DS score (\u0394GBS-DS: 2.0 vs 0.0 at week 1,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003) and increase in MRC score (\u0394MRC: 9.0 vs 6.0,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.016) compared to the escalation cohort. This led to a higher percentage of achieving a favorable outcome (GBS-DS \u2a7d2) and a shorter median time to this outcome (6 vs 25 days,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) in the first-line cohort. Regression analysis within the entire cohort confirmed that greater baseline severity and need for mechanical ventilation were associated with a longer time to favorable outcome. Exploratory analysis suggested a decrease in the proportions of CD3+CD4+ and CD4+HLA-DR+ T cells following efgartigimod treatment. Only two mild adverse events were reported.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Efgartigimod shows efficacy as both a rapid-onset first-line therapy and a rescue option for refractory GBS, with a favorable safety profile and potential immunomodulatory effects, supporting further prospective evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864261419026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T11:07:37Z","timestamp":1770808057000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Efgartigimod for Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome: a retrospective analysis of efficacy and safety"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2002-6633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhuajin","family":"Bi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peidong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengcao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongbo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8511-2516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, East Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00517-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2014.121"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10305"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","first-page":"2568","article-title":"Immunotherapy of Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Liu S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu S, Dong C, Ubogu EE. Immunotherapy of Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 14: 2568\u20132579.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.16346"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI97911"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-024-07460-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-024-01090-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-024-12321-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864251314746"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000040700"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410440512"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2456"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.15500"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","article-title":"Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a risk indicator of Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome and is associated with severity and short-term prognosis","volume":"9","author":"Sun S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun S, Wen Y, Li S, et al. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is a risk indicator of Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome and is associated with severity and short-term prognosis. 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