{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T07:12:09Z","timestamp":1788505929590,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ther Adv Neurol Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The association between body mass index (BMI) and cognition, disability, and quality of life (QoL) is controversial in multiple sclerosis (MS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated the association between BMI and cognitive function, disability, and QoL in MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional secondary analysis of the DISCOMS trial was performed to study the association between BMI and cognition, disability, and QoL. Cognitive function was measured by the symbol digit modalities test (SDMT) and disability was measured based on the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and patient determined disability steps (PDDS). QoL markers were measured by the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the association between BMI and cognition, disability, and QoL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study included 253 participants, mostly female (83.8%) and white (89.3%). Their mean BMI was 27.27 (SD\u2009=\u20095.6), and 62% were overweight, obese, or very obese. Controlling for age, gender, and disease-modifying therapy duration, BMI as a continuous or as a categorical variable was not associated with cognitive function as measured by the SDMT or disability as measured by the EDSS and\/or the PDDS. EDSS as a dichotomous variable was associated with BMI; 1-unit increase in BMI was associated with a 5.7% increase in the odds of having an EDSS score greater than 4 (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.055,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.045). Higher continuous BMI was associated with physical domains dysfunction; worse fatigue (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009), and worse lower extremities function (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.008), while the very obese group had a higher risk of physical and emotional domain dysfunction than the normal BMI group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The lack of observed associations between BMI and cognitive function or disability in this older MS cohort suggests that the relationship between BMI and clinical outcomes may vary across domains. Nevertheless, the associations identified between BMI and QoL measures emphasize the potential importance of weight management in supporting overall health and well-being among individuals with MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration of the primary DISCOMS study:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03073603.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17562864261463625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T11:50:52Z","timestamp":1788177052000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The association between BMI and cognition, disability, and quality of life markers in multiple sclerosis: DISCOMS secondary analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3174-8244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aliza Bitton","family":"Ben-Zacharia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program, Hunter College Bellevue School of Nursing, 60 West Street, New York, NY 10006, USA"},{"name":"Mount Sinai Phillips School of Nursing, Mount Sinai Hospital, 148 East 126th Street, New York, NY 10035, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8455-980X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gary","family":"Cutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UAB School of Public Health, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alya","family":"Shor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunter College Bellevue School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charity","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Engebretson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Corboy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Rocky Mountain MS Center at the University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiela M.","family":"Strauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunter College Bellevue School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-014-9270-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.59.103006.093656"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2026.1737057"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2024.106218"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2021.102950"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458518808204"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2019.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000200334"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.70058"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11332-019-00559-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13760-025-02768-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","first-page":"96","article-title":"Body mass index and sleep disturbances: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"Amiri S.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Amiri S. 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