{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:26:52Z","timestamp":1777458412892,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report an outbreak of SARS coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among healthcare workers (HCW) in an NHS elective healthcare facility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A narrative chronological account of events after declaring an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 among HCWs. As part of the investigations, HCWs were offered testing during the outbreak. These were: (1) screening by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) to detect a current infection; and (2) serum samples to determine seroprevalence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over 180 HCWs were tested by real-time RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The rate of infection was 15.2% (23.7% for clinical or directly patient-facing HCWs vs. 4.8% in non-clinical non-patient-facing HCWs). Of the infected HCWs, 57% were asymptomatic. Seroprevalence (SARS-CoV-2 IgG) among HCWs was 13%. It was challenging to establish an exact source for the outbreak. The importance of education, training, social distancing and infection prevention practices were emphasised. Additionally, avoidance of unnecessary transfer of patients and minimising cross-site working for staff and early escalation were highlighted. Establishing mass and regular screening for HCWs are also crucial to enabling the best care for patients while maintaining the wellbeing of staff.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To our knowledge, this is the first UK outbreak report among HCWs and we hope to have highlighted some key issues and learnings that can be considered by other NHS staff and HCWs globally when dealing with such a task in future.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1757177420976798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T04:22:11Z","timestamp":1607919731000},"page":"156-161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Investigations, actions and learning from an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in the United Kingdom"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0123-0302","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kordo","family":"Saeed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Innovation and Research Unit (MIRU), Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"},{"name":"Department of Experimental Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Pelosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southampton Specialist Virology Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Mahobia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Innovation and Research Unit (MIRU), Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southampton Specialist Virology Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Labdon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southampton Specialist Virology Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5652-6904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nusreen","family":"Ahmad-Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southampton Specialist Virology Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"Grieves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Innovation and Research Unit (MIRU), Department of Microbiology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Penelope","family":"Johnstone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southampton Specialist Virology Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Higgs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trauma and Orthopaedics Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Jeramiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Prevention Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sue","family":"Dailly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection Prevention Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thelma","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Health, Wessex Hospital, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Stringfellow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Health, Wessex Hospital, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleri","family":"Wilson-Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southampton Specialist Virology Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Grundy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1757177420976798","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30287-5"},{"key":"bibr2-1757177420976798","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30211-7"},{"key":"bibr3-1757177420976798","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2020.05.001"},{"key":"bibr4-1757177420976798","unstructured":"Heneghan C, Oke J, Jefferson T. (2020) COVID-19 How many Healthcare workers are infected? Oxford: Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Available at: https:\/\/www.cebm.net\/covid-19\/covid-19-how-many-healthcare-workers-are-infected\/ (accessed 2 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr5-1757177420976798","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30970-3"},{"key":"bibr6-1757177420976798","first-page":"63","volume-title":"Learning from SARS: Preparing for the Next Disease Outbreak: Workshop Summary","author":"Low DE.","year":"2004"},{"key":"bibr7-1757177420976798","unstructured":"Public Health England. (2020) Sero-surveillance of COVID-19 - GOV.UK. Available at: https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/national-covid-19-surveillance-reports\/sero-surveillance-of-covid-19 (accessed 1 June 2020)."}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1757177420976798","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1757177420976798","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1757177420976798","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:07:19Z","timestamp":1777381639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1757177420976798"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1757177420976798"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1757177420976798","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-1774","1757-1782"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-1774","type":"print"},{"value":"1757-1782","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]}}}