{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:58:14Z","timestamp":1790186294145,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703721600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Infection Prevention"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hand hygiene and its significance for reducing the spread of infection is well evidenced and has been brought into sharp focus following the COVID-19 pandemic. Although a crucial clinical skill in ensuring safe healthcare, little is known regarding nursing students\u2019 effectiveness of hand hygiene practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention on hand hygiene practice, designed by the research team for first year pre-registration nursing students. Particular emphasis was placed upon hand drying technique and time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>825 nursing students were observed and assessed for their hand hygiene practice in a clinical suite at a university setting. Nursing students were observed for compliance against set outcome measures involving hand hygiene preparation, hand and wrist washing technique, hand drying technique and time. Data were analysed quantitatively using SPSS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The educational intervention had a significant impact on the clinical skills learning of nursing students. 779 students passed the assessment at the first attempt (94.4%). Of the 46 students that failed to meet the necessary criteria, 45 satisfied the criteria at the second attempt; giving an overall optimal compliance of 99.9%. 99.6% of students complied with recommended hand drying standards.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study offers an important contribution to the development and delivery of nursing education programmes. The educational intervention improved compliance with recommended hand hygiene technique and practice. Lack of attention to hand drying may negate effective hand hygiene in healthcare.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17571774231224695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T12:12:41Z","timestamp":1703765561000},"page":"3-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Impact of an educational intervention on hand hygiene practice among nursing students, with a focus on hand drying efficacy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Gammon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Social Care, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4549-6949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Social Care, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioan","family":"Humphreys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Wellbeing Academy, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon","family":"Hinkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Watkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15313"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr2-17571774231224695","first-page":"u210787","volume":"5","author":"Awaji MH","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open Quality"},{"key":"bibr3-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2016.02.006"},{"key":"bibr4-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.12053"},{"key":"bibr5-17571774231224695","volume-title":"Coronavirus Disease 2020: How to Protect Yourself and Others","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr6-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2009.02981.x"},{"key":"bibr7-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1757177418815549"},{"key":"bibr8-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3946\/kjme.2020.159"},{"key":"bibr9-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2016.04.023"},{"key":"bibr10-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2015.09.014"},{"key":"bibr11-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2018.01.022"},{"key":"bibr12-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/inr.12410"},{"key":"bibr13-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.03.017"},{"key":"bibr14-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-6701(13)60012-2"},{"key":"bibr15-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h3728"},{"key":"bibr17-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2015.06.010"},{"key":"bibr18-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2020.08.021"},{"key":"bibr19-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhin.2000.0882"},{"key":"bibr20-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/0142159X.2016.1150984"},{"key":"bibr22-17571774231224695","unstructured":"Nursing and Midwifery Council (2018a) Future Nurse: Standards of Proficiency Registered Nurses. NMC."},{"key":"bibr21-17571774231224695","volume-title":"Standards for Pre-registration Nursing Education","author":"Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC)","year":"2010"},{"key":"bibr23-17571774231224695","volume-title":"Part 3: Standards for Pre-registration Nursing Programmes","author":"Nursing","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr24-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2018.02.027"},{"key":"bibr25-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2018.04.222"},{"key":"bibr27-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit670"},{"key":"bibr28-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12473"},{"key":"bibr29-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14091026"},{"key":"bibr30-17571774231224695","volume-title":"Guidelines in Hand Hygiene in Healthcare: First Global Patient Safety Challenge","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009"},{"key":"bibr31-17571774231224695","volume-title":"Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Advice for the Public","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr32-17571774231224695","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/0142159X.2014.889290"}],"container-title":["Journal of Infection Prevention"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17571774231224695","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/17571774231224695","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/17571774231224695","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:07:43Z","timestamp":1777381663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/17571774231224695"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/17571774231224695"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17571774231224695","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-1774","1757-1782"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-1774","type":"print"},{"value":"1757-1782","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]}}}