{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T02:46:11Z","timestamp":1782441971507,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]],"date-time":"2019-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550016000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Perspect Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The aim of this systematic literature review was to identify health promotion interventions for older people living alone and to describe the effectiveness of these interventions. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> A literature search was conducted using five databases, including CINAHL, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science, and this comprehensive literature search process was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Potentially relevant studies were evaluated and selected by two authors. Studies were assessed based on inclusion criteria. The Standardised Critical Appraisal Tool from Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) was used to appraise the methodological quality of these studies. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Of the 2852 unique studies identified in the systematic search, the full texts of three studies meeting the inclusion criteria were reviewed. The results showed that the level of physical activity and self-efficacy for physical activity, activities of daily living, food enjoyment, and energy intake increased and leisure engagement decreased with health promotion interventions. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> The findings of this review indicate that interventions to improve health promotion positively affect the health of older people living alone and enhance their quality of life. There is a need for further research involving multidimensional interventions for older people living alone. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/1757913918803980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]],"date-time":"2019-02-14T01:37:28Z","timestamp":1550108248000},"page":"255-263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Health promotion interventions for older people living alone: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"139","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0640-2820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A","family":"Ilgaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Assistant, Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, 07058 Antalya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"G\u00f6z\u00fcm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Doctor, Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1757913918803980","unstructured":"The World Bank. Life Expectancy at Birth, Total (Years). Available online at: http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/SP.DYN.LE00.IN (last accessed 3 May 2017)"},{"key":"bibr2-1757913918803980","unstructured":"National Institute on Ageing. World\u2019s Older Population Grows Dramatically. Available online at: https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/news-events\/news-releases\/worlds-older-population-grows-dramatically (last accessed 25 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr3-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Population Reference Bureau. 2016 World Population Data Sheet. Available online at: http:\/\/www.prb.org\/pdf16\/prb-wpds2016-web-2016.pdf (last accessed 5 May 2017)"},{"key":"bibr4-1757913918803980","unstructured":"The World Bank. Population Ages 65 and Above (% of Total). Available online at: http:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS (last accessed 3 May 2017)"},{"key":"bibr5-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Turkish Statistical Institute. Statistics for the Elderly, 2016. Available online at: http:\/\/www.tuik.gov.tr\/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=24644 (last accessed 22 May 2017)"},{"key":"bibr6-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Roser M. Future World Population Growth: Our World in Data. Available online at: https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/future-population-growth (last accessed 30 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr7-1757913918803980","volume":"8","author":"Altay B","year":"2008","journal-title":"TAF Prev Med Bull"},{"key":"bibr8-1757913918803980","unstructured":"National Health Service. NHS Choices: Loneliness in Older People. Available online at: http:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/Livewell\/women60-plus\/Pages\/Loneliness-in-older-people.aspx (last accessed 12 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr9-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13607860802121084"},{"key":"bibr10-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Age UK. Later Life in the United Kingdom. Available online at: https:\/\/www.ageuk.org.uk\/globalassets\/age-uk\/documents\/reports-and-publications\/later_life_uk_factsheet.pdf (last accessed 2 October 2018)"},{"key":"bibr11-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Ministry of Family and Social Policy. The Determination of Family Structure Study, Recommendation in Turkey. Available online at: https:\/\/ailetoplum.aile.gov.tr\/uploads\/pages\/indirilebilir-yayinlar\/67-turkiye-aile-yapisi-arastirmasi-2013-tespitler-oneriler.pdf (last accessed 5 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr12-1757913918803980","first-page":"48","volume":"2","author":"Altu\u011f F","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Elder Res"},{"key":"bibr13-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2015.32.43"},{"key":"bibr14-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2015.32.40"},{"key":"bibr15-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Statistics New Zealand. Two\u2019s a Crowd: Living Alone in New Zealand. Available online at: http:\/\/www.stats.govt.nz (last accessed 28 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr16-1757913918803980","volume":"57","author":"Kharicha K","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"bibr17-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-015-0128-7"},{"key":"bibr18-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2008.04837.x"},{"key":"bibr19-1757913918803980","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Media Center. Mental Health of Older Adults. Available online at: http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs381\/en\/ (last accessed 05 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr20-1757913918803980","unstructured":"National Council on Aging. Highest Tier Evidence-Based Health Promotion\/Disease Prevention Programs. Available online at: https:\/\/www.ncoa.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Title-IIID-Highest-Tier-Evidence_Feb.2017-1.pdf (last accessed 5 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr21-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0345-8"},{"key":"bibr22-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Ministry of Family and Social Policy. Elderly Care Services. Available online at: https:\/\/eyh.aile.gov.tr\/yasli-bakim-hizmetleri (last accessed 22 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr23-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Ministry of Family and Social Policy. Disabled and Elderly Services Directorate. Elderly Support Program. Available online at: https:\/\/eyh.aile.gov.tr\/haberler\/yasli-destek-programi-yades-tanitim-toplantisi (last accessed 20 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr24-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Age UK. Services. Available online at: https:\/\/www.ageuk.org.uk\/services\/ (last accessed 5 March 2018)"},{"key":"bibr25-1757913918803980","unstructured":"SureSafe. Personal Alarms for the Elderly. Available online at: https:\/\/www.personalalarms.org\/solutions\/personal-alarms-for-the-elderly\/ (last accessed 3 March 2018)"},{"key":"bibr26-1757913918803980","volume":"9","author":"Noosorn N","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Sci J"},{"key":"bibr27-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2010.03551.x"},{"key":"bibr28-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Ramsbottom H. Promoting Mental Health and Well-Being in Later Life: \u2018Circle of Friends\u2019 Telephone Conferencing Scheme \u2013 Age Concern Isle Of Wight. Available online at: http:\/\/www.ageuk.org.uk\/Documents\/EN-GB\/For-professionals\/Care\/Mental%20Health%20and%20Wellbeing%20in%20later%20life_pro.pdf?dtrk=true (last accessed 2 July 2017)"},{"key":"bibr29-1757913918803980","volume":"12","author":"Hablemito\u011flu \u015f","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cumhuriyet Univ J Econ Admin Sci"},{"key":"bibr30-1757913918803980","unstructured":"PRISMA. PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) 2015 Checklist: Recommended Items to Address in a Systematic Review Protocol. Available online at: http:\/\/www.prisma-statement.org\/documents\/PRISMA-P-checklist.pdf (last accessed 6 May 2017)"},{"key":"bibr31-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. Systematic Reviews. CRD\u2019s Guidance for Undertaking Reviews in Health Care. Available online at: https:\/\/www.york.ac.uk\/media\/crd\/Systematic_Reviews.pdf (last accessed 20 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr32-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Joanna Briggs Institute. 2014 Reviewers\u2019 Manual. JBI Library of Systematic Reviews. Available online at: http:\/\/joannabriggs.org\/assets\/docs\/sumari\/ReviewersManual-2014.pdf (last accessed 31 May 2017)"},{"key":"bibr33-1757913918803980","volume":"9","author":"Cederbom S","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"bibr34-1757913918803980","volume":"21","author":"Zingmark M","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scan J Occup Ther"},{"key":"bibr35-1757913918803980","volume":"116","author":"McHugh JE","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"bibr36-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Ministry of Social Security National Solidarity and Senior Citizen Welfare and Reform Institutions. National Policy on the Elderly. \u2018Ageing with Dignity\u2019. Available online at: https:\/\/www.ifa-fiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/060_21-Mauritius-2001-Ageing-With-Dignity-National-Policy-on-th.pdf (last accessed 1 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr37-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Age UK. Telecare and Telehealth. Available online at: http:\/\/www.ageuk.org.uk\/home-and-care\/adapting-your-home\/telecare\/telecare-for-older-people-living-alone\/ (last accessed 2 May 2017)"},{"key":"bibr38-1757913918803980","unstructured":"British Geriatrics Society. Health Promotion and Preventive Care. Available online at: https:\/\/www.bgs.org.uk\/blog\/living-alone-and-%E2%80%98bouncing-back%E2%80%99-after-bereavement (last accessed 5 June 2017)"},{"key":"bibr39-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006199-198703000-00002"},{"key":"bibr40-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1559827610392704"},{"key":"bibr41-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnu090"},{"key":"bibr42-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000841740307000405"},{"key":"bibr43-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Canadian Association of Occupational Therapist. CAOT Position Statement Occupational Therapy and Older Adults. Available online at: https:\/\/www.caot.ca\/document\/3708\/O%20-%20OT%20and%20Older%20Adults.pdf (last accessed 4 July 2017)"},{"key":"bibr44-1757913918803980","unstructured":"Livewell Southwest. Occupational Therapy \u2013 Older People\u2019s Mental Health Functional Community Team. Available online at: https:\/\/www.livewellsouthwest.co.uk\/project\/older-peoples-mental-health-functional-community-team\/ (last accessed 5 July 2017)"},{"key":"bibr45-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-010-0278-4"},{"key":"bibr46-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-016-0805-z"},{"key":"bibr47-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0260106014537146"},{"key":"bibr48-1757913918803980","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2013.06.002"}],"container-title":["Perspectives in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1757913918803980","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/1757913918803980","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/1757913918803980","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T01:12:09Z","timestamp":1740791529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1757913918803980"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/1757913918803980"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1757913918803980","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-9139","1757-9147"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-9139","type":"print"},{"value":"1757-9147","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,13]]}}}