{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T06:30:00Z","timestamp":1777876200837,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]],"date-time":"2023-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Shoulder &amp; Elbow"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neurological injuries are among the most reported complications of elbow arthroscopy. Several cadaveric studies have assessed the relationship between nerves and arthroscopic portals. To our knowledge, no studies evaluated the anconeus nerve. This anatomic study aimed to identify the course of the anconeus nerve and to investigate its anatomic relation with posterior elbow portals, providing useful information to preserve it during surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve fresh frozen elbows were dissected to isolate the radial nerve and its branch to the anconeus muscle. Distances between the anconeus nerve, olecranon tip, and lateral epicondyle were measured. Posterior, posterolateral and soft spot portals were created and their proximity to the nerve was measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The anconeus nerve showed an average distance from the lateral epicondyle of 19.67\u2005mm (SD 1.44\u2005mm) and from the olecranon of 22.33\u2005mm (SD 1.72\u2005mm). The posterolateral portal was 1\u2005mm medial to the nerve. The soft spot portal was located where the nerve enters the muscle.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An important finding of this study was the closeness between the anconeus nerve and the posterolateral and soft spot portals, resulting in a high risk of nerve damage. More medial placement of the posterolateral portal may avoid anconeus nerve injury and consequent muscle denervation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/17585732231166938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]],"date-time":"2023-03-30T00:06:22Z","timestamp":1680134782000},"page":"443-448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Can elbow arthroscopic posterior portals damage the anconeus nerve? A cadaveric study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Colozza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faenza Hospital, Ausl della Romagna, Faenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3624-4600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele","family":"Cavaciocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rizzoli-Argenta Orthopaedics and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Perna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faenza Hospital, Ausl della Romagna, Faenza, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9279-4722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Artioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 1st Orthopaedics and Traumatology Clinic \u2013 University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Mazzotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 1st Orthopaedics and Traumatology Clinic \u2013 University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cesare","family":"Faldini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 1st Orthopaedics and Traumatology Clinic \u2013 University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2013.01.032"},{"key":"bibr2-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-022-05320-5"},{"key":"bibr3-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eats.2018.03.010"},{"key":"bibr4-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200101000-00004"},{"key":"bibr5-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2015.11.023"},{"key":"bibr6-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.02.046"},{"key":"bibr7-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2019.11.108"},{"key":"bibr8-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2018.11.040"},{"key":"bibr9-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-006-0183-9"},{"key":"bibr10-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199611000-00008"},{"key":"bibr11-17585732231166938","first-page":"333","volume":"61","author":"Bertelli JA","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"bibr12-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17531934211061437"},{"key":"bibr13-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-015-0365-0"},{"key":"bibr14-17585732231166938","volume":"105","author":"Carlier Y","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"bibr15-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12306-019-00601-6"},{"key":"bibr16-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2005.09.012"},{"key":"bibr17-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1039829"},{"key":"bibr18-17585732231166938","first-page":"1981","volume":"33","author":"Thon S","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"bibr19-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.173510"},{"key":"bibr20-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1058-2746(09)80110-9"},{"key":"bibr21-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(05)70130-9"},{"key":"bibr22-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200604000-00009"},{"key":"bibr23-17585732231166938","volume-title":"Physiology of motion: demonstrated by means of electrical stimulation and clinical observation and applied to the study of paralysis and deformities","author":"Duchenne GB","year":"1949"},{"key":"bibr24-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195133040-00020"},{"key":"bibr25-17585732231166938","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197254080-00011"}],"container-title":["Shoulder &amp; 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